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MWHS Earth Science > Structural Geology A ( spring 2016) > Flashcards

Structural Geology A ( spring 2016) Flashcards

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1
Q

Most earthquake-related deaths and injuries result from

A

damage to building and other structures resulting in injury….

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2
Q

What are the layers of the earth from the outside in

A

crust
mantle
outer core
inner core

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3
Q

What does the temperature do as you go down inside the Earth?

A

The Earth gets hotter as you go down

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4
Q

What generates the Earth’s magnetic field?

A

Liquid metal flowing in the outer core

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5
Q

Know how to read earthquake recording stations

A

know the difference between p-waves and s-waves on the earthquake trace.

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6
Q

Earths mantle is made of…

A

a layer of hot rock

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7
Q

How do charged particles that are flying at us from the sun exit the Earth

A

They rocket back into space in jets at the magnetic poles

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8
Q

Know what the faults are

A

Normal
reverse know how to identify them
strike-slip

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9
Q

Know by looking what fault causes….

A

Tension
compression
shearing

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10
Q

Know how to match the layer of the Earth with the pressure in pounds per Square inch

A

There is the most pressure in the inner core and the least pressure in the crust

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11
Q

Why is a tsunami wave so deadly near shore and harmless out to sea?

A

As the wave enters shallow water it slows down and grows vertically

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12
Q

How does the Earth generate magnetism for the field?

A

Flowing metal is an electrical generator. Generating electricity generates a magnetic field

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13
Q

In a strike-slip fault, the rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little…

A

up or down motion

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14
Q

Know how to read a graph for how far apart in km the epicenter is from the seismograph

A

know how to read a graph

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15
Q

The magnetic field protects the ozone layer from solar radiation. Without the ozone most life would die from______

A

ultraviolet light killing our cells

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16
Q

Why is the Earth still molten after 4.5 billion years?

A

unstable radioactive atoms give off heat as they stabilize into other isotopes inside the Earth.

17
Q

What type of earthquake can travel through both liquids and solids?

A

P waves

18
Q

How do Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth’s interior?

A

by recording and studying seismic waves

19
Q

What is a force that is pushing from opposite directions?

A

compression stress

20
Q

What is a force that is pulling from opposite directions?

A

tension stress

21
Q

What is a force that slides past each other in opposite directions?

A

shearing stress

22
Q

What is a subtype of compression stress caused by the weight of the rocks above?

A

confining stress

23
Q

Earthquakes are created when_____?

A

faults in the earths crust move

24
Q

What composition makes the Earth’s crust?

A

Rock

25
Q

What composition makes the Earth’s mantle?

A

Rock

26
Q

What composition makes the Earth’s outer core?

A

Nickel and Iron

27
Q

What composition make the Earth’s inner core?

A

Nickel and Iron

28
Q

What waves can pass through the Earth’s crust

A

P and S waves

29
Q

What waves can pass through the Earth’s mantle?

A

P and S waves

30
Q

What waves can pass through the outer core?

A

P waves only

31
Q

What waves can pass through the inner core?

A

P and S can travel through but only P waves ever arrive at this layer.

32
Q

What is the consistency of the Earth’s crust?

A

solid

33
Q

What is the consistency of the mantle?

A

half melted solid

34
Q

What is the consistency of the outer core?

A

liquid

35
Q

What is the consistency of the inner core

A

solid

36
Q

What is another name of the Northern lights?

A

aurora borealis

MWHS Earth Science (11 decks)

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