STRUCTURAL FEATURE OF TRANSLATION

Question 1

Describe translation

Answer 1

Initiation (“beginning”): in this stage, the ribosome gets together with the mRNA and the first tRNA so translation can begin.
Elongation (“middle”): in this stage, amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNAs and linked together to form a chain.
Termination (“end”): in the last stage, the finished polypeptide is released to go and do its job in the cell.

Question 2

What sites in ribosome?

Answer 2

Acceptor site for incoming aa
Peptidyl site
Exit site in 50S

Question 3

Describe tRNA

Answer 3

Anticodon
T loop
D loop
AA on 3- end

Question 4

Describe the charging process

Answer 4

AA binds to synthetase.
AA is activated by AMP.
Correct tRNA binds to synthetase and AA attaches
Charged tRNA is released

Question 5

Difference between the two classes of synthetase

Answer 5

CCA arm has different conformations

Question 6

Describe synthetase proof reading

Answer 6

Happens at editing (hydrolytic) site and acylation site.

CCA arm moves AA between these sites.