EUKARYOTIC GENOMES Flashcards
1
Q
What is in a eukaryotic cell?
A
Nucleus Mitochondria Introns Rep DNA genes that encode proteins
2
Q
Who has a higher affinity for hemoglobin?
A
Fetuses
3
Q
What is a chromatin?
A
DNA+proteins
packages and protects DNA
reinforces structure
4
Q
Two type of DNA packaging
A
Heterochromatin - very condensed so no transcription
Euchromatin - loose so can be transcribed
5
Q
What are histones?
A
Positively charged attract DNA
6
Q
How does replication occur?
A
Origin of replication recognised by ORC and binds, other co factors then bind to ORC and help promote replication by recruiting helicase.
7
Q
What is the telomere?
A
Highly repetitive sequences of DNA, non coding and protect end of chromosome.
May get shorter over cell divisions.
Telomerase is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, meaning an enzyme that can make DNA using RNA as a template
