Stroke Revision Questions

Question 1

What is stroke

Answer 1

Death of brain tissue from hypoxia

no local cerebral blood flow - infarction of tissue and heamorrhage into the brain tissue

Question 2

2 types of stroke

Answer 2

Ischaemia/ haemorrhagic

temporary ischaemia - rapid loss of function, then rapid recovery

Question 3

FAST

Answer 3

facial dropping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time

Question 4

Risks

Answer 4

hypertension
smoking
alcohol
atrial fibrillation 
diabetes mellitus
ischamic heart disease

Question 5

Causes

Answer 5

ischamic intracranial bleed
recent MI
heart valve disease
atrial fibrillation 
venous thrombosis
thrombophillia
polythaemia
vasculitis disorders

Question 6

Prevention of stroke

Answer 6

reduce risk factors - smoking, control diabetes and hypertension
antiplatelet action - asprin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole
anticogulants - warfarin, apixaban
Preventive - aneurysum, clips, AV malformation correction

Question 7

Effects of stroke

Answer 7

loss of functional brain tissue
gradual or rapid loss of function
inflammation in tissue surrounding the bleed

Question 8

Complications of stroke

Answer 8

motor function loss - dysphonia, swallowing
sensory loss 
cognitive impairment
memory impairment 
emotional labiliy and depression

Question 9

Managment of stroke

Answer 9

acute phase - reduce damage via calcium channel blockers, improve blood flow/ oxygenation, remove heamatoma, prevent future risk (aspirin 300mg daily)

chronic phase - nursing and rehabilitation, speech and language therapy, occupational therapy

Question 10

Dental aspects

Answer 10

impaired mobility and dexterity
communication diificulties
risk of cardiac emergencies - MI, further stroke
loss of protective relexes - aspiration, managing salvia
loss of sensory info
stroke pain - CNS generated pain perception
retaining denture hard
drooling - swallowing issues, facial weakness