Stroke

Question 1

what are the 2 types of stroke?

Answer 1

Ischaemic stroke (majority)
Haemorrhagic stroke

Question 2

what is the main cause of Haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 2

hypertension

Question 3

What are the 3 main causes of Ischaemic stroke?

Answer 3

Thrombotic blockage
Embolitic blockage
Hypoperfusion

Question 4

Is Virchows triad is for all clots?

Answer 4

No, clots that form in arteries do not follow the virchows triad and are mainly due to atherosclerosis

Question 5

how much does smoking affect risk of Ischaemic stroke?

Answer 5

doubles the risk

Question 6

why should you not give statins after a Haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 6

1. not caused by a blockage due to plaque/ fatty streaks

2. evidence suggests that it increases the risk of having another haemorrhagic stroke

Question 7

give 2 examples of stroke mimics?

Answer 7

hyperglycaemia

migraines

Question 8

what is the most common cause of cardioembolism?

Answer 8

atrial fibrillation

Question 9

how can you stop an Ischaemic stroke from causing lots of irreversible damage?

Answer 9

thrombolysis up to 4-5 hrs from onset of symptoms

thromboectomy up to 6 hrs from symptom onset, usually after starting thrombolysis

Question 10

what is a Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA)?

Answer 10

presents like a stroke but within a few minutes, getting better
focal neurological symptoms that resolve within 2 hrs