Hypertension Flashcards
what is hypertension a risk factor for?
- Cerebral Haemorrhage
- Atheroma
- Renal Failure
- Sudden cardiac death
what is the formula for BP?
BP= CO+ TPR
blood pressure= cardiac output + total peripheral resistance
what does angiotensin 2 do?
stimulates release of aldosterone
causes vasoconstriction
increases blood pressure
what does aldosterone do?
causes salt and water retention by the kidneys
thus increasing the BP
what is primary hypertension?
idiopathic hypertension
no found underlying cause
how does increase of salt consumption increase the blood pressure?
it causes the stimulation of aldosterone which then causes retention of salt and water thus increasing the BP
what is secondary hypertension?
hypertension with a known underlying cause
what are the common underlying diseases that cause secondary hypertension?
renal disease/ renal artery stenosis
endocrine disease
drug therapy
what is Conn’s syndrome?
an excess amount of aldosterone, causing hypertension
what is Cushing’s syndrome?
an excess amount of corticosteroids causing hypertension
what is Pheochromocytoma?
a tumour which causes the overproduction of certain hormones eg noradrenaline (which causes increased BP)
what is Coarctation of the aorta?
congenital narrowing of segments of the aorta
what drug therapy can cause hypertension?
use of corticosteroids
what is benign hypertension?
hypertension that is Asymptomatic, still should be treated aggressively
what happens if benign hypertension remains untreated?
left ventricular hypertrophy, congestive cardiac failure, berry aneurysm, aortic dissection, renal disease
