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521 > stroke > Flashcards

stroke Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of brain attack

A 
Sudden:
numbness of face, arm, leg
confusion, trouble speaking
seeing in one or both eyes
trouble walking, loss of balance
severe headache without cause
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2
Q

stroke w or m die more

A

women

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3
Q

leading cause of adult long term disability?

A

stroke

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4
Q

how many stroke regain function ?
permanently disabled?
require institutional care?

A

50
30
20

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5
Q

leading causes of death

A

heart disease
cancer
stroke
MVA

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6
Q

stroke related to income

A

low-middle income groups

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7
Q

how can stroke be reduce

A

lifestyle

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8
Q

T/f stroke risk doubles every 10 years after 65

A

yes

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9
Q

risk factors for stroke categories

A

modifiable

unmodifable

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10
Q

modifiable risk factors stroke

A 
hypertension 
cardiac disease
diabetes
smoking
obesity
cocaine
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11
Q

unmodifiable risks for stroke

A

age
gender
family history
previous stroke

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12
Q

hypertension and stroke

A

> 160/95

reduce salt intake lower

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13
Q

lower diastolic BP by _____ decreases stroke risk by___

A

5mmHG

60%

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14
Q

whats TIA

A

transiet ischemic attack

mini stroke

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15
Q

is TIA transientt

A

noo

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16
Q

best predictor of stroke

A

TIA (stroke)

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17
Q 
TIA 
neuro deficits 
reoccurence 
symptoms 
what is it
A

neuro - resolves 24 hours

reoccur: 80% within 1 year
symptoms: variable

block of circulation

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18
Q

classifications of strokes

A

ischemic

hemorrhagic

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19
Q

types of ischemic strokes

A

thrombosis
lacunar infarct
embolic

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20
Q

thrombosis

A

occurring plaque, slower, symptoms evolve

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21
Q

lacunar infarct high or low cog changes

A

high

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22
Q

lacunar stroke

A

<1cm
associated w hypertension, diabetes
small arteries

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23
Q

what is strong correlated with deceased cognition

A

lacunar stroke

24
Q

Embolic

A

20-30% air or water

rapidly without warning

25
Q

hemorrahagic

A

hypertension, aneurysm and arteriole venous malformation

younger ppl

26
Q

hypertensive hemorrhage

A

increase SP/DP
blood mass created
compresses brain tissue
massive or small

27
Q

types of hypertensive hemorrhages

A

massive, small and slit (lies in subcortical area)

28
Q

Stroke treatment

A

TPA

29
Q

Progression and Risk of stroke

A

Age (1 - 60+)
BP (1 >140 or /90)
Clinical features (2 hemisphere weakness, 1 speech)
Duraction (2 >60, 1 less )

30
Q

ABCD

A

predict progression of stroke / recurrent stroke

31
Q

arterial factors that contribute to stroke

A

vessel walls

damaged vessels

32
Q

vessel walls contribute to stroke how

A

plaque
dissecting walls
pressure or damage to walls

33
Q

venous factors that contribute to stroke

A

blood clots quick for them
infection / trauma to inner vein lining
sluggish flow of blood
deep vein thrombosis

34
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

inactivity (planes)
surgery
can cause stroke, heart attack or pulmonary embolism

35
Q

what preserve leg motor and sensory function after stroke

A

ACA and MCA anastomoses

36
Q

arterial risk at the neck

A

vertebral arteries

internal carotid

37
Q

ischemic stoke responses

A

neuronal

38
Q

neuronal responses

A

death
penumbra
cell death in cerebellum/hippocampus
degeneration

39
Q

ischemic penumbra

A

area of marginal perfusion

40
Q

when is too early to intervene

A

never

41
Q

acute treatment stroke

A 
thrombolytic agents (TPA)
Mechanical embolus clot removal
42
Q

TPA does what

A

dissolves clots
salvage pneunbral tissues (if within 3 hrs)
won’t be hemorrhagic

43
Q

mechanical embolus clot removal

A

screwed into clot

8 hours post onset

44
Q

prevention of recurrent stroke

A

aspirin
lifestyle
exercise
lipid lowering agent

45
Q

ischemic vs hemmorrhagic stroke

A

h: better long term prognosis

46
Q

factors influencing upper limb motor recovery

A

integrity of pyramidal motor ouput

esp for fingers

47
Q

T/f small injury to corona radiate not important

A

false - its significant

48
Q

what predict change associate with motor learning

A

white matter

49
Q

Apahsia

A

lesion to broca (expression)

lesion to wernike (receptive)

50
Q

Apraxia

A

motor disorder from lesion to posterior parietal lobe

ideomotor
constructional
ideational

51
Q

ideomotor

A

can explain perform voluntarily but not complete movements on command

52
Q

constructional

A

can’t draw shapes

53
Q

ideational

A

can’t create motor plan

can’t relate object to use

54
Q

neuroplasticity after stroke

A

depends on dose of skilled movement

55
Q

dosage for problems in stroke

A

LOTS

521 (9 decks)

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