Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHTH 521 > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

Stroke is the ____ leading cause of death in Canada.

A

stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Each year, more women than men die from stroke (T/F).

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stroke is the leading cause of adult ___-____ disability in the world.

A

long-term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 6 modifiable risk factors for stroke?

A
  1. hypertension
  2. cardiac disease
  3. diabetes
  4. cholesterol
  5. smoking
  6. obesity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BP over what levels increases risk of stroke?

A

> 160/95

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TIA is a warning sign but may also cause lasting damage (T/F)

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In a TIA, neurological deficits will resolve within ___ hours but may only last a few minutes.

A

24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

___% of people who have a TIA have a recurrence in 1 year.

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___% of people who have a TIA have a clinically significant stroke within 30 days after TIA.

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Neurophysiological changes after TIA last at least ___ weeks.

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ischemic strokes = ___% of strokes

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

______ = occluding plaque, slower, symptoms evolve.

A

thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

______ infarct = 20%, and there is a high rate of cognitive changes associated with these types of strokes

A

lacunar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_______ stroke = subgroup of ischemic stroke

A

lacunar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lacunar stroke = smaller than ___ cm

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lacunar strokes are associated with what 2 co-morbidities?

A
  1. hypertension

2. diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lacunar strokes involve the small perforating _______.

A

arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Subcortical location and small infarction = pure ____ and _____ deficits.

A

motor; sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Embolic strokes = ___-__%, and can be air or water

A

20-30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Do embolic strokes have any warning?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the two types of strokes?

A
  1. ischemic

2. hemorrhagic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hemorrhagic strokes = ___% of strokes

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hemorrhagic strokes = _____ and _____-____ malformation.

A

aneurysm; arteriole-venous

24
Q

Stroke has an _____ onset, but then slowly progress over minutes to hours.

A

abrupt

25
Q

If you get to the hospital between 1-3 hours after stoke you can be treated with what?

A

tissue plasminogen activator

26
Q

______ score used to predict progression of stroke and risk of recurrent stroke.

A

ABCD

27
Q

What is the ABCD score?

A

A: age
B: blood pressure
C: clinical features
D: duration

28
Q

A higher score on the ABCD score would indicate a worse risk (T/F).

A

True

29
Q

What are 2 arterial factors that contribute to stroke?

A
  1. vessel walls

2. damaged vessels

30
Q

What is a site in the brain that may have congenital malformation?

A

circle of willis

31
Q

What are 4 venous factors that contribute to stroke?

A
  1. Tendency for a persons blood to clot quickly
  2. Irritation or inflammation of the inner lining of the vein
  3. Slow or sluggish flow of blood through deep veins
  4. Deep vein thrombosis
32
Q

Anastomoses between ____ and ____ often help preserve leg motor and sensory function after stroke.

A

ACA; MCA

33
Q

What 2 arteries are at risk in the neck?

A
  1. vertebral arteries

2. internal carotid

34
Q

The vertebral and internal carotid artery can suffer spontaneous or traumatic injury (T/F).

A

TRUE

35
Q

______ _____ = area of marginal perfusion

A

ischemic penumbra

36
Q

______ and ______ neurons are sensitive to ischemia.

A

cerebellar; hippocampus

37
Q

In response to an ischemic stroke, there is excess extracellular _____ ______.

A

glutamate apoptosis

38
Q

_____-_____ degeneration occurs in response to ischemic stroke.

A

trans-neuronal

39
Q

When ____ receptors are blocked, glutamate uptake is reduced and outcome improves.

A

NMDA

40
Q

Higher dose, very early mobilization provolone was associated with a _____ in the odds of a favourable outcome at 3 months.

A

reduction

41
Q

When giving TIA, the stroke cannot be ______.

A

hemorrhagic

42
Q

TIA can salvage _______ tissue if given within 3 hours of onset.

A

pneunbral

43
Q

What are 4 ways to prevent a recurrent stroke?

A
  1. anticoagulation therapies
  2. lipid lowering agents
  3. lifestyle changes
  4. exercise
44
Q

What are the outcomes for stroke?

A
  1. 25% minor impairment
  2. 50% moderate to severe
  3. 20-30% recover poorly and die by one year
45
Q

__________ stroke better for long term prognosis for functional recovery.

A

hemorrhagic

46
Q

Integrity of ________ motor output system is critical particularly for fractioned movement of the fingers

A

pyramidal

47
Q

Even a small injury in the ______ ______ is very significant.

A

corona radiata.

48
Q

____ ______ structure after stroke predicts change associated with motor learning.

A

white matter

49
Q

Focal lesion to Broca’s area = _____ aphasia.

A

expressive

50
Q

Focal lesion to Wernickes area = ________ aphasia.

A

receptive

51
Q

Apraxia = motor disorder caused by lesion to _______ _____ lobe.

A

posterior parietal

52
Q

________ apraxia = can explain an action, perform it voluntarily but not complete movements on command.

A

ideomotor

53
Q

_______ apraxia = cannot draw shapes

A

constructional

54
Q

_________ apraxia = cannot create a motor plan to carry out complex actions; loss of ability to relate objects to their use,

A

ideational

55
Q

The ________ capacity of the brain is highly reliant on high doses of skilled movement.

A

adaptive

56
Q

Drugs that induce neuroplasticity are commonly used in stroke (T/F).

A

FALSE; drugs that induce neuroplasticity do not exist

PHTH 521 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions