Stroke Flashcards
what are the two types of stroke?
ischaemic and haemorrhagic
according to the oxford clinical stroke classification, which subtype of stroke is a patient most likely to have if they present with:
weakness
sensory deficit
homonymous hemianopia
higher cerebral dysfunction (dysphagia, dyspraxia)?
Total Anterior Circulation (TACS)
- 20% of strokes
according to the oxford clinical stroke classification, which subtype of stroke is a patient most likely to have if they present with motor / sensory deficit in one limb, face and hand?
Partial Anterior Circulation (PACS)
- 35% of strokes
according to the oxford clinical stroke classification, which subtype of stroke is a patient most likely to have if they present with complete or incomplete weakness of one side, involving the whole of 2 of 3 body areas (face/arm/leg)?
Lacunar Stroke (LACS) - 20% of strokes
according to the oxford clinical stroke classification, which subtype of stroke is a patient most likely to have if they present with: disordered conjugate eye movement isolated homonymous hemianopia disordered breathing tinnitus vertigo?
Posterior Circulation (POCS) - 25% of strokes
which subset of strokes has the highest mortality at one year?
Total Anterior Circulation (TACS)
name two modifiable risk factors for stroke
high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation
name three non-modifiable risk factors for stroke
age, race, family history
which investigations (not including imaging) may be done in a suspected stroke patient?
blood tests: full blood count (platelets, red cells), lipids
ECG / 24 hr ECG
which imaging investigations may be done in a suspected stroke patient?
CT scan
MRI scan
carotid doppler to look at vessels
sometimes an echocardiogram can be helpful to look for clots in the heart
which is better for visualising ischaemic stroke - CT or MRI?
MRI
which is faster - CT or MRI?
CT
is there any proven benefit in specific stroke wards compared to general hospital wards?
yes
“the typical patient loses ___ million neurons each minute in which stroke is untreated”
1.9 million
benefit from thrombolysis (increases / declines) with increasing delay from onset
declines
