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Adele Cardiovascular > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

how can you tell the difference between a STEMI and a non-STEMI on an ECG?

A

STEMIs have elevated ST segments

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2
Q

what does standard limb lead I measure?

A

left arm with respect to right arm

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3
Q

what does standard limb lead II measure?

A

left leg with respect to right arm

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4
Q

what does standard limb lead III measure?

A

left leg with respect to left arm

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5
Q

which are transmitted better - fast or slow events?

A

fast events

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6
Q

what causes the P wave?

A

atrial depolarisation

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7
Q

what causes the QRS complex?

A

ventricular depolarisation

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8
Q

what causes the T wave?

A

ventricular repolarisation

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9
Q

why isn’t atrial repolarisation usually visible?

A

it’s shielded by ventricular depolarisation

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10
Q

what does the timing of the PR interval tell you?

A

the time from atrial depolarisation to ventricular depolarisation - mainly due to conduction through the AV node

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11
Q

what is an approximate normal range for the duration of the PR interval?

A

0.12 - 0.2 seconds

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12
Q

what does the timing of the QRS interval tell you?

A

how long it takes for the ventricle to depolarise

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13
Q

what is an approximate normal value for the duration of the QRS interval?

A

0.08 seconds

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14
Q

what is an approximate normal value for the duration of the QT interval?

A

0.42 seconds (at 60 bpm)

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15
Q

what does the timing of the QT interval tell you?

A

the amount of time the ventricles spend depolarised

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16
Q

in the QRS complex, what is the first part of the ventricle to depolarise (causing the Q wave)?

A

the interventricular septum, from left to right

17
Q

in the QRS complex, what is the second part of the ventricle to depolarise (causing the R wave)?

A

the bulk of the ventricle, from endocardium to epicardium

18
Q

in the QRS complex, what is the third part of the ventricle to depolarise (causing the S wave)?

A

the upper part of the interventricular septum

19
Q

why is the T wave positive?

A

repolarisation moves from epicardium to endocardium (away from left leg) since the depolarisation phase lasts for longer in the endocardium, creating a positive signal

20
Q

why is the R wave bigger in SLL II than SLL I or SLL III?

A

the wave of depolarisation is in line with recording from the left leg with respect to the right arm

Adele Cardiovascular (14 decks)

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