Stroke Flashcards
What age is primary intracranial haemorrhage most common?
60-80
How is TIA managed?
TIA clinic and consideration of MRI
What are the features of anterior cerebral artery occlusion?
Hemiparesis of the contralateral foot and leg (more severe than arm)
Sensory loss of contralateral foot and leg
Transcortical motor aphasia - lack of fluency with intact comprehension and repetition
Abulia (no motivation), disinhibition, executive dysfunction, anosognosia (lack of insight), emotional lability, frontal release signs (re-emergence of primitive reflexes)
What are the features of middle cerebral artery occlusion?
Hemiparesis of contralateral face and limbs
Sensory loss of contralateral face and limbs
Dysphasia/aphasia - when dominant hemisphere affected
Contralateral neglect
Homonymous hemianopia or quadrantanopia without macular sparing
Dorsolateral prefrontal dysfunction
What are the features of posterior cerebral artery occlusion?
Alexia without agraphia (inability to read in left PCA)
Contralateral loss of pain and temp sensation
Contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing
Prosopagnosia
Ipsilateral CN defects
Horner’s syndrome
How do lacunar strokes present?
Isolated hemiparesis, hemisensory loss or hemiparesis with limb ataxia
What is a common cause of lacunar stroke?
HTN
What are common sites for lacunar strokes?
Basal ganglia
Thalamus
Internal capsule
What are the features of Weber’s syndrome
Ipsilateral CN III palsy - eye turns outward and downward when attempting to look ahead
Contralateral weakness of upper and lower extremity
What are the features of posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion?
Ipsilateral facial pain and temp loss
Contralateral limb/torso pain and temp loss
Ataxia, nystagmus
What are the features of anterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion (lateral pontine syndrome)
Ipsilateral facial paralysis and deafness, pain and temp loss
Contralateral limb torso pain and temp loss
Ataxia nystagmus
WHat are the features of basilar artery occlusion?
locked in syndrome
