Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Afsha NEW CV > Stroke > Flashcards

Stroke Flashcards

1
Q

What is TIA

A

mini stroke
brief blockage of blood flow = temporary stroke like symptoms
dose NOT damage brain cells = no permanent damage or disability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

how long does TIA last

A

few mins to few hours
fully resolved <24h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is ischaemic stroke

A

blockage cuts off blood supply to brain
kills brain cells = permanent damage
symptoms usually very sudden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how long does ischaemic stroke last

A

few mins - hours - days
>24h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

FAST

A

facial drooping or unilateral weakness
arm weakness/numbness
speech impairment
time to call 999

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

headache in intracranial haemorrhage

A
  • sentinel headaches can occur in preceding weeks
  • bleed in brain (not blockage)
  • sudden severe headache, usually gradually increasing intensity
  • THUNDERCLAP headache
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

headache in subarachnoid haemorrhage

A
  • bleed between brain and membrane that covers it
  • thunderclap headache - very severe and sudden
  • neck stiffness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Patient comes in with very bad headache and neck stiffness. What is this

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage, call 999

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why should you not give aspirin in suspected stroke

A

First need to rule out haemorrhage, giving aspirin would make it worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

management of TIA and minor ischaemic stroke

A
  • 300mg daily until diagnosis established
  • if presenting within <24 hours and low risk of bleeding, consider DAT: C+A followed by C monotherapy, or, T + A followed by T or C monotherapy
  • if not appropriate for DAT, give C monotherapy
  • consider PPI as necessary
  • secondary prevention following diagnosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

dose of aspirin for suspected TIA

A

300mg daily until diagnosis established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dose of aspirin for TIA or minor ischaemic stroke, in combination with clopidogrel in pt with low risk bleeding

A

300mg aspirin initially for one dose to be started within 24h of symptom onset
then 75mg OD for 21 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dose of aspirin for disabling acute ischaemic stroke

A

PO or rectally
300mg OD for 14 days
start 24h after thrombolysis or within 24h symptom onset in people not receiving thrombolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

management of ischaemic stroke

A
  • thrombolysis with alteplase or tenecteplase if it can be given within 4.5 hours of symptom onset and haemorrhage excluded by imaging techniques
  • if you have had thrombolysis, start on antiplatelet after 24h unless CI (PO or rectal 300mg OD for 14 days)
  • some patients may be eligible for surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

who can administer thrombolytis e.g. alteplase

A

only experienced medical staff within specialist stroke centre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment of HTN in acute phase of ischaemic stroke

A

can result in reduced cerebral perfusion
avoid treating in acute phase unless there is a HTN emergency or in people considered for thrombolysis

16
Q

you must avoid this AC in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke

A

warfarin

17
Q

secondary prevention following stroke

A

long term clopidogrel therapy. alternative = aspirin.

high intensity statin as soon as pt can swallow.

18
Q

what to do in pt who is receiving AC for prosthetic heart valve who experiences disabling ischaemic stroke and is at significant risk of haemorrhagic transformation

A

stop AC
replace with aspirin for 7 days

19
Q

management of intracerebral haemorrhage

A
  • may need surgery to remove haemotoma and relieve intracranial pressure
  • consider rapid BP lowering therapy if they present within 6 hours symptom onset and have systolic BP 150-220 (and do not fit in exclusion criteria)
  • aim for systolic BO 130-139
  • if pt taking AC, stop and reverse (but may only be used if symptomatic PE or DVT)
20
Q

Patient is immobile after acute stroke. Should you give any thromboprophylaxis

A

Do not routinely give LMWH or graduated compression stockings for prevention of DVT

21
Q

Long term management for intracerebral haemorrhage

A
  • manage BP and take care to avoid hypoperfusion
  • avoid statins (but may be used in caution if risk of vascular event > risk of further haemorrhage)
22
Q

If somebody has had intraceberal haemorrhage, they must not ever be given these drugs

A

statins

23
Q

all of alteplase and tenecteplase interactions are to do with

A

increased risk of bleeding

24
Q

alteplase monitoring when used for acute ischaemic stroke

A

Monitor for intracranial haemorrhage.

Monitor blood pressure; ensure blood pressure reduced to below 185/110 mmHg before treatment.

25
Q

when used for acute ischaemic stroke, when is alteplase CI

A

Convulsion accompanying stroke; history of stroke in patients with diabetes; hyperglycaemia; hypoglycaemia; stroke in last 3 months

26
Q

What is the Glasgow Coma scale

A

Assess the depth and duration of impaired consciousness and coma.
People are scored on three different aspects of behavioural response: eye opening, verbal, and motor responses

Afsha NEW CV (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions