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Active Care > Stretching 1 > Flashcards

Stretching 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the top 5 factors that restrict motion?

A 
casts
splints
pain
scoliosis/kyphosis
surgery
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2
Q

what are the different ways ROM can be decreased?

A

active muscle tension

passive muscle tension (muscle viscoelasticity, fascia)

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3
Q

5 indications for stretching

A
  1. ROM limitations b/c of adhesions, contractures, scar tissue
  2. when restricted motion may lead to structural deformities that are otherwise preventable
  3. when muscle weakness and shortening of opposing tissue lead to decreased ROM
  4. as a part of total fitness program to reduce injury
  5. prior and after vigorous excercise to minimize soreness
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4
Q

stretching contraindications

A

bony block limits motion
soft tissue healing could be disrupted
sharp acute pain with joint movement or muscle elongation
hypermobility already exists
shortened soft tissues provide support instead of neuromuscular control or normal structural stability

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5
Q

_____of the muscle prior to static stretch minimizes ______.

A

maximal contraction

stretch induced strength loss

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6
Q

_____without muscle activation decreases performance

A

static stretching

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7
Q

what are the 3 main types of stretching?

A

static
dynamic
pre-contraction

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8
Q

what are the 2 types of static stretching?

A

active stretch

passive stretch

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9
Q

what are the 2 types of dynamic stretching

A

active stretch

ballistic stretch

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10
Q

what are the 2 types of pre-contraction stretching?

A

PNF techniques

PIR, PFS

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11
Q

describe static stretching

A 
15-30 second stretches
2-4 reps
position patient for relaxation
decrease intensity if painful
careful with hypermobile joints
avoid combination movements of the spine
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12
Q

what are ballistic stretches?

A

rapid alternating movements to end range

“bouncing” at end range

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13
Q

what is bad about ballistic stretches?

A

increased injury risk
chronic contracture causes brittle tissue
not for injury recovery

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14
Q

who can use ballistic stretches?

A

gymnastics

martial arts

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15
Q

describe active dynamic stretching?

A

movement through a full range
start slow gradually pick up speed ad increase ROM
Use sport/task-specific movements
preparation/warmup

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16
Q

PNF

A

proprioceptive meuromuscular facilitation

17
Q

what are the facilitation techniques for PNF

A

motor control
increases exitability of target muscles
restore muscle function
increase ability to move
increase stability
facilitate coordinated movement through tiing
increase patient’s stamina to avoid fatigue

18
Q

what are inhibiition techniques for PNF?

A

motor control
decrease motor neuron excitability
reduction in spasticity
improve motion

19
Q

parts to spiral-diagonal plane for PNF

A

flexion-extension
rotation
toward and across midline

20
Q

static stretching single plane example

A

stretching the hamstrings

effective but not as functional as multi-plane stretching

21
Q

what are some advantages for PNF patterns?

A

form the basis for all movement
alternating agonist/antagonist control
multiple planes of movment
create control with alternating mobility and stability

22
Q

D1 movement pattern for upper extremity (PNF)

A

grab seatbelt to fasten seat belt

adduction, external rotation, flexion moving to abduction, internal rotation, extension

23
Q

D1 flexion movement (PNF) upper extremity

A

arm finishes inflexion, adduction and external rotation

24
Q

D1 extension movement (PNF) upper extremity

A

arm finishes in extension, abduction and internal rotation

25
Q

D2 movement (PNF) upper extremity

A

sword from sheath to the air

extension, adduction, internal rotation, moving to flexion, abduction and external rotation

26
Q

D2 flexion (PNF) upper extremity

A

arm finishes in flexion, abduction and external rotation

27
Q

D2 extension (PNF) upper extremity

A

arm finishes in extension, adduction and internal rotation

28
Q

D1 movement lower extremity

A

soccer kick

reach back in toe contact, flex leg forward with open foot

29
Q

D1 flexion lower extremity

A

leg finishes in flexion, adduction and external rotation

30
Q

D1 extension lower extremity

A

leg finishes in extension, abduction and internal rotation

31
Q

D2 movment lower extremity

A

snow plow, up and out to down and in

32
Q

D2 flexion movment lower extremity

A

leg finishes in flexion, abduction and internal rotation

33
Q

D2 extension movement lower extremity

A

leg finsihes in extension, adduction and external roation

Active Care (13 decks)

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