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Active Care > Low Back Pain > Flashcards

Low Back Pain Flashcards

1
Q

tight/overactive lower extremity dysfunction

A 
fibularis
lateral gastroc
soleus
IT BAND
LATERAL HAMSTRING
adductor
PSOAS
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2
Q

weak/underactive lower extremity dysfunction

A 
posterior tibialis
flexor digitorum lateralis
flexor hallucis lateralis
anterior tibialis
vastus medialis
pes anserine
gracilis
sartorius
semisendonosus
GLUTEUS MEDIUS
hip external rotators
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
local lumbo-pelvic-hip stabilizers
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3
Q

common joint dysfunction for lower extremity

A 
1st MTP joint
subtalar joint
talocrural joint
proximal tibial/fibular joint
SI joint
lumbar facet joints
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4
Q

possible injuries with lower extremity dysfunction

A

plantar fasciitis
posterior tibial tendonitis
anterior knee pain

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5
Q

tight or overactive muscles in upper cross syndrome

A 
pec major/minor
anterior deltoid
subscapularis
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
upper trap
teres major
SCM scalenes
rectus capitis
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6
Q

weak or underactive muscles in upper cross syndrome

A 
rhomboids
lower traps
posterior deltoid
teres minor
infraspinatus
serratus anterior
longus coli and longus capitis
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7
Q

common joint dyfunction for upper cross syndrome

A

sternoclavicular joint
AC joint
throacic and cervical facet syndromes

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8
Q

possible injuries associated with upper cross syndrome

A 
rotator cuff
shoulder instability
bicep tendonitis
TOS
headaches
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9
Q

when is there excessive neutral zone motion

A

after high-speed trauma the spinal segment’s neutral zone is increased

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10
Q

what is the first indicator of onset of injury?

A

excessive neutral zone motion

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11
Q

where is the biomechanically most stable position for stress on the spine?

A

neutral zone

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12
Q

what influences the neutral zone?

A

passive system
neural system
active system

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13
Q

what is the passive system?

A

vertebrae
IVD
zygapophyseal joints
ligaments

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14
Q

what is the neural system?

A

central and peripheral nervous system

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15
Q

what is teh active system?

A

muscles (local and global)

tendons

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16
Q

describe the global system of neutral zone control?

A

larger torque producing muscles
anatomically more superficial
control spinal orientation and balance of external loads

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17
Q

describe the local system of neutral zone control?

A

anatomically deep muscles
provide stability through increasing spinal segmental stiffness
play a role in anticipation of motion

18
Q

local control fo the neutral zone

A

core stabilizers work at all times
increase their action before any further loading or motion occurs
includes transversus abdominis, pelvic floor, diaphragm, multifidis

19
Q

what produces the most force?

A

eccentric contraction

20
Q

what increases force?

A

lengthening slightly beyond resting length

non-contractile tisssue elasticity adds to force

21
Q

what type of contraction causes more force?

A

faster ECCENTRIC contraction

22
Q

rotators and intertransversarii

A

usually described as causing twisting and lateral flexion
small cross section
can produce only a few newtons of force
small moment arm
minimal contribution to bending and twisting

23
Q

what is the function of rotators and intertransversarii?

A

length transducers and position sensors at every thoracic and lumbar joint

24
Q

internal and external oblique abs actions

A

twisting and lateral flexion

accessory muscles of resporation

25
Q

describe the internal and external oblique abs

A

forms a hoop around abdomen to increase core stability
thoracolumbar fasica in posterior
abdominal fasical inanterior
“layers of plywood”

26
Q

rectus abdominis

A

contained within the abdominal fasica
connects laterally through the aponeurosis to the abdominal wall
also connects to pec major

27
Q

action of rectus abdominis

A

trunk flexion

28
Q

why is the rectus abdominis sectioned off?

A

prevents bulking upon shortening
allows greater trunk flexibility when contracted
multiple tendons allow forces from obliques to transmitted across the midline without pulling the fibers of the rectus apart
completes the abdominal hoop

29
Q

psoas

A

attaches to the spine (T12-L5)
action is hip flexion
also causes substantial spine compression

30
Q

describe psoas in lower cross syndrome

A

facilitated (tight)
puts chronic compression on the spine
needs to be stretch

31
Q

strength

A

maximum force that a muscle can exert
anaerobic primarily
low repititions
high intensity

32
Q

endurance

A 
ability of a muscle to perform repeated contractions against less than maximal load
high repititions
low intensity
type I fibers
cardiovascular health
energy state
33
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

attach to each lumbar vertebrae, the pelvis and rib cage
buttressing against lateral buckling
strong stabilizer of the spine
hardly changes length during any spine motion

34
Q

transversus abdominis

A

deepest of the abdominals
arises from the thoracolumbar fasical between the iliac crest and the 12th rib
attaches to the inguinal ligament, iliac crest and lower six ribs
attaches anteriorly to the abdominal aponeurosis

35
Q

what does the transversus abdominus muscle do?

A

fibers are horizontally orientated
contraction increases intra-abdominal pressure
causes core stiffening
stiffens the lumbar spine
provides compression to the SI
during movement of the upper and lower etremity, it is recruited before any limb movement occurs

36
Q

what kind of activity does the transversusu abdominis do?

A

tonic

compression of the SI joints that caues force closure of the SI joint

37
Q

form closure

A

the shape of the joint compresses/closes the joint
normal loads stabilize the SI joint
“keystone” of an arch
force from contraction of the transversusu abdominis compresse of closes the SI joint space
stabilizes the joint

38
Q

muscles of the pelvic floor

A

coccygeus
levator ani
iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus

39
Q

kegel exercises

A

muscles used to stop the flow of urine

40
Q

activation techniques for the kegels

A

stop lights
elevator
200x per day

Active Care (13 decks)

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