Review powerpoint

Question 1

What are the big extensors of the cervicothoracic spine

Answer 1

semispinalis capitis
splenius capitis
splenius cervicis

Question 2

What are the big (deep) extensors of the thoracolumbar spine?

Answer 2

multifidi
longissimus thoracis
iliocostalis lumborum

Question 3

What are the big (superficial) extensors of the thoracolumbar spine

Answer 3

latissimus dorsi

fascia

Question 4

what happens when areas of the body have excessive motion?

Answer 4

leads to traumatic patterns, pain

lumbars and cervicals are more likely

Question 5

pain alters ____ and that stresses ____

Answer 5

pain alters mechanics and that stresses ill adapted tissues

Question 6

The thoracic spine is…

Answer 6

more stable, therefore is less prone to aberrant motion and a degenerative cycle

Question 7

what are usually tight in upper extremity movement dysfunction?

Answer 7

pec major/minir
anterior deltoid
subscapularis
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
upper trap
teres major
SCM
scalenes
rectus capitis

Question 8

what are usually weak in the upper extremity movement dysfunction?

Answer 8

rhomboids
lower traps
posterior deltoid
teres minor
infraspinatus
serratus anterior
longus coli
longus capitis

Question 9

What are some easy interventions for helping thoracic spine movement?

Answer 9

posture
breathing exercises
weight free/gravity free exercises

Question 10

hyperkyphosis decreases?

Answer 10

scapular stability
cervical motion
respiration

Question 11

hyperkyphosis leads to..?

Answer 11

shoulder pain
narrowing of joint space for movement
excess load on the ligaments in the shoulder
decreased shoulder strength

Question 12

paradoxical breathing

Answer 12

use shoulders to breathe

Question 13

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 13

no overactivity of upper body muscles

Question 14

what motor control exercises could we have a patient do?

Answer 14

trunk stability pushup

quadruped rollback

Question 15

what functional pattern exercises are helpful for upper body mobility?

Answer 15

deep squat
in-line lunge
chop/lift

Question 16

what are some in office ways to help with thoracic and UE mobility?

Answer 16

active ROM
wall angel
passive ROM
assess P-A mobility
mobilize spine 
adjust

Question 17

what are some ways to have your patient do thoracic extension at home?

Answer 17

foam roller

cat/camel

Question 18

posture

Answer 18

difficult but possible to change

need patient compliance (conscious effort to rain an unconscious behavior

Question 19

common postural errors?

Answer 19

excessive lumbar extension
rib flare
upper thoracic sinking
full scapula retraction

Question 20

does a direct blow to the head have to happen to get a concussion?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

what does a concussion typically result in?

Answer 21

rapid onset of short-lived impairment of neurological function that resolves spontaneously

Question 22

what are some things that can be done to prevent atheltic concussions?

Answer 22

sportsmanship
keep athletes hydrated
protective gear
preventative exercises

Question 23

who are more prone to concuss?

Answer 23

female athletes

Question 24

what are the steps to get an athlete back to the game?

Answer 24

no activity
light aerobic exercise
sport specific exercise
non-contact training drills
full contact training drills
return to play

Question 25

concussion signs and symptoms

Answer 25

``` headache, mental fog somatic (headache) cognitive (feeling in a fog) emotional (changes in personality or mood) loss of consciousness/amnesia irritability slow reaction times sleep distrubances ```

Question 26

what is the SCAT 5?

Answer 26

a standardized tool for evaluating concussions designed for use by physicians and liscensed healthcare professionals

Question 27

red flags according to SCAT 5

Answer 27

``` neck pain or tenderness double vision weakness or tingling/burning in arms or legs severe or increasing headache seizure or convulsion loss of consciousness deteriorating conscious state vomiting increasingly restless, agitated or combative ```

Question 28

steps in the first part of SCAT5

Answer 28

``` red flags observable signs memory assessment (maddocks questions) examination (glasgow coma scale) cervical spine assessment ```

Question 29

should the SCAT5 be used as a stand-alone method to diagnose a concussion?

Answer 29

no

Question 30

if a glosgow method is over 15, what do you do?

Answer 30

stop examination, start emergency procedure

Question 31

neurophychological assessment SCAT5

Answer 31

baseline testing not mandatory most cases, symptom and cognitive recovery will overlap some cases, symptoms recover earlier while with others cognitive recovers earlier should be considere for return to play ideally would be performed by trained neuropsyphologist

Question 32

should a concussion be graded?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

what should you identify if you suspect a concussion?

Answer 33

symptoms, not signs loss of consciousness doesn't predict outcome amnesia poorly predicts outcome seizures do not predict the outcome