Cervical Spine Rehab Flashcards
which part of the spine is susceptible to degeneration?
cervicals
what is seen in 80% of asympomatic over age of 60?
DDD
What can cause cervical degeneration?
repetitive movements, frequent moving through ranges (talking, listening, etc)
why do optimal alignment and movement patterns reduce degenerative progress?
less poor mechanics
how can we guard against wear and tear?
screening movement, patient education, show them they aren’t fragile
causes of neck pain
discogenic bulges, herniations, annular tears FACET MYOFASCIAL strain, sprain trauma (fracture, instability) degenerative
local (intrinsic) muscles are weakened or inhibited in what?
upper cross syndrome
deep neck flexors
LONGUS CAPITIS LONGUS COLI RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS RECTUS CAPITIS ANTERIOR rectus capitis posterior major/minor oblique capitis inferior/superior semispinalis capitis splenius capitis, longissimus capitis semispinalis cervicis splenius cervicis longissimus cervicis
retraction
give yourself a double chin
deep muscles do what?
control segments
superficial muscles do what?
produce movement
global (extrinsic) muscles are what in upper cross syndrome?
tight or facilitated
what do the deep neck flexors do?
function more posturally than providing dynamic movement
what can you do to reduce pain and disability?
neck exercises
what do the intrinsic cervical muscles do during the flexion movement?
“rolling”
examples of intrinsic muscles that “roll” during flexion
upper cervical (rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis) lower cervical (longus capitis, longus colli)
what do the intrinsic cervical muscles do during extension movemment?
rolling
what muscles do the rolling motion for extension
upper cervical (rectus capitis posterior major/minor, obliquus capitis inferior/superior,, semispinalis capitis, spinalis capitis, longus capitis lower cervical (splenius cervicis, longus cervicis, semispinalis cervicis
cross syndrome
when muscle imbalances become inhibited and weak, while others become tight
causes inappropriate patterns of movement
what muscles are tight in upper cross syndrome?
upper trap levator scapula pectoralis SCM suboccipitals internal humeral rotators
what muscles are weak in upper cross syndrome?
deep neck flexors
lower trap and serratus anterior
what does longus coli do?
stiffens and stabilizes
supports curve against weight of head
can counteract buckline forces on cervical lordosis
muscles that are facilitated commonly
SCM suboccipitalis levator scapula upper trap internal humerus rotators pectoralis elbow and wrist flexors forearm pronators
muscles that are inhibited commonly
deep neck flexors lower and middl etrapezius external humeral rotators serratus anterior, shoulder/elbow, wrist extensors forearm supinators
cross syndrome isn’t isolated to the spine. what other places can the patient can experience pain?
headache TMJ neck and shoulder pain TOS rotator cuff syndrome loss of cervical ROM difficulty breathing
common joint dysfunction in UE
sternoclavicular
AC
thoracic and cervical facet joints
possible injuries of the UE
rotator cuff shoulder intability bicep tendonitis TOS headaches
what do you do when assessing motor control patterns
must be pain free (or nearly) to assess
first manage acute pain or exacerbations of chronic conditions
then evaluate global vs local movement patterns
