Stress Coping and Health

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

negative emotional experience with predictable responses and directed towards altering or accommodations
mind and body relationship with personal contextual factors
environmental balance and maintaining/not maintaining homeostasis

Question 2

Stress Response

Answer 2

stressor knocks the body out of homeostasis, then the body tries to maintain homeostasis

Question 3

Walter Cannon

Answer 3

1932 dude determined fight or flight where sympathetic and endocrine system prep for survival
stress in health

Question 4

Hans Selye

Answer 4

1930s where stress is scientific with one definition and defined General Adaptation Syndrome to explain those physical conditions and changes
found that with his biochemist buddy

Question 5

General Adaptation Syndrome GAS

Answer 5

alarm phase is reacting to the stressor
resistance phase is where the body is coping and fighting the stressors
exhaustion phase is the optional avoiding that one where the body is depleted of those resources

Question 6

GAS Problems and Critiques

Answer 6

limited psychosocial factors
reducing importance of appraisals
assumes stress has the same response all around

Question 7

Pituitary Gland Purpose

Answer 7

secrete corticosteroids
increase protein and fat metabolism
increase energy access
inhibit antibodies formation and inflammation
regulate sodium retention

Question 8

Adrenal Medulla Purpose

Answer 8

increase HR and RR
decrease digestion
dilate pupils
increase blood flow to muscles
vasodilation

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

optimal levels, number and amount for any measure in the body that is achieved through systematic and local regulatory mechanisms

Question 10

Allostasis

Answer 10

physiological system fluctuates in response to stress that is context dependent and has multiple methods
coordinating body wide changes and regulation in anticipation of and following stress

Question 11

Chronic Stress

Answer 11

causes decreased immune functioning, inhibit growth, at increased risk for illness, and impact reproductive systems

Question 12

Allostasis Load

Answer 12

build up of stress response over time due to repeated exposure to stress and causes premature aging

Question 13

Primary Appraisals

Answer 13

how fucked are we?

Question 14

Secondary Appraisals

Answer 14

can we deal?

Question 15

Physiological Effects of Stress

Answer 15

increased lipids
increased BP
increased hormonal activity
decreased immune response

Question 16

Other Effects of Stress

Answer 16

Increasing use of substances
decreased compliance
increased delay in care
dismissal of symptoms
decreased likelihood of care

Question 17

Coping

Answer 17

process of managing demands that are taxing or exceeding resources

Question 18

Types of Resources for Coping

Answer 18

emotional equilibrium
decreasing harmful environment and harmful factors
personality factors
social supports
problem managing 
tangible resources like money

Question 19

Personality Factors on Coping

Answer 19

Neuroticism is more inclined negative coping
agreeableness is more inclined positive coping
Extraversion is more inclined positive coping
Conscientiousness is more inclined for positive coping
Openness to experienced is more inclined positive coping

Question 20

Coping Style

Answer 20

person’s preferred method of coping with stressful situations
avoidance vs approaching
problem focused vs emotion focused

Question 21

Effects of Social Supports

Answer 21

higher levels of social supports decrease distress, likelihood of disease, likelihood of needing and accessing healthcare, severe cases and risk of mortality
lower levels leads to decreased adherence, increasing healthcare access and self-esteem

Question 22

Inferential Social Support

Answer 22

providing guidance to person to support problem solving

Question 23

Instrumental Social Supports

Answer 23

directly helping person to problem solve

Question 24

Emotional Social Supports

Answer 24

caring behaviors to help person manage emotions

Question 25

Appraisal Social Supports

Answer 25

helping person identify the stressor and potential coping options

Question 26

Negative Coping Dimensions

Answer 26

substance use, withdrawal/isolation, negative emotion, and wishful thinking

Question 27

Positive Coping Dimensions

Answer 27

problem solving, emotional focused, instrumental, and cognitive rest

Question 28

Common Sense Model

Answer 28

demographic and physiological variables that lead to how do we deal with and respond to physical signs of stress with a cognitive appraisal that emerged from fear studying
perceived reality of stress and health of threat leads to emotional reaction and goes around

Question 29

Critiques of Common Sense Model

Answer 29

assumes person is problem solver
illness represent will guide the coping and appraisals
representations may not align with medical facts

Question 30

Illness Representation

Answer 30

identity, cause and likelihood leads to risk, consequences and controllability leads to severity which all sums it up
representations, behaviour, benefits, and emotional responses are not static relationships

Question 31

Mindfulness

Answer 31

enhanced recognition of distractors and enhanced ability to refocus one’s attention, immersion in the moment
attention and awareness in one’s present moment experience
adopting an attitude of openness or acceptance towards one’s experience

Question 32

Mindful Attention Awareness Scale

Answer 32

15 item scale is designed to assess a core characteristic of mindfulness

Question 33

Mindful Process

Answer 33

schema, cognitive fusion and cognitive diffusion