stress Flashcards
The body enters into the exhaustion stage after prolonged stress, leading to depletion of energy in certain systems: Nervous and <_____________> are depleted of energy
immune systems
The body’s response to stress occurs in how many stages?
3
What is the Autonomic Nervous System responsible for?
The Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing
The physiological responses of increased heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels are governed by what branch of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic branch
What is the general adaptation syndrome?
The general adaptation syndrome is a three-stage model of the body’s response to stress
General Adaptation Syndrome was developed based on observations of what type of responses in rats?
Increased adrenal secretions
The brain’s distress signal is sent to which part of the brain during Stage 1 of stress response?
Hypothalamus
Hans Selye
First described effect of psychological stress on the body/ symptoms recorded: Fever, loss of appetite, tiredness/sleepiness, more active immune systems
What did Selye infer from these findings?
Threats to the body result in both specific effects and generalised responses
3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome
Alarm reaction, Resistance, Exhaustion
What can trigger the onset of General Adaptation Syndrome?
Physical or psychological threats
The body adapts to prolonged stress by doing what?
Decreasing activity
How does stress affect immune system functioning
Stress can have a negative impact on immune system functioning, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and other health problems
What triggers the release of adrenaline and cortisol during the “fight or flight” response?
Glucocorticoids
The adrenal glands secrete what hormone to keep the body alert?
Cortisol
parasympathetic responses try to bring the body back to normal functioning during which stage of stress response?
resistance stage
Alarm Phase is characterized by what three conditions?
Hypertension, MCI, Depression
definition of stress
Stress is a psychological and physiological response to a perceived threat or challenge
<_____________> Conducts signals to and from the brain, controls reflex activities and secretes cortisol which keeps the body alert
adrenal glands
effect of prolonged stress
High levels of cortisol over an extended period may impair the function of the hippocampus and contribute to a phenomenon known as hippocampal atrophy, where there is a reduction in the size of the hippocampus.
What hormones are released by the hypothalamus?
Glucocorticoids
Stage 1: Alarm Distress signal sent to the _______-enables the release of hormones called ________, which trigger the release of _____ and _____
hypothalamus
glucocorticoids
cortisol and adrenaline
What nervous system governs the physiological responses triggered by adrenaline/ aka the fight or flight response?
These physiological responses are governed by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) sympathetic branch.
What are the two main divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
