streptococcal pneumonia part 3

Question 1

Other bacteria can cause pneumonia?

Answer 1

Haemophilus influenzae
* Staphylococcus aureus
* Klebsiella pneumon

Question 2

which secondary invaders i.e. more likely to cause infection in people who have some defect in their respiratoy defencese?

Answer 2

Haemophilus influenzae
* Staphylococcus aureus
* Klebsiella pneumon

Question 3

differentiate between community acquired pneumonia and hospital acquired pneumonia?

Answer 3

Hospitalised patients at risk of infection with a wider range of pathogens
* Sick and treated with antibiotics already
* If intubated, bypassing normal defence mechanisms and allowing organisms from upper respiratory tract
to access lung
* May be at risk

Question 4

what is an extreme example of acute inflammation with lots of exudate cause consolidation.

Answer 4

Lobar pneumonia.

Question 5

lobar pneumonia

Answer 5

Affects anatomically delineated segment(s) of lobe of lung
* Most commonly occurs in otherwise healthy younger adults
* Mostly caused by S. pneumoniae
* Really an extreme example of acute inflammation with lots of exudate causing consolidation of
whole lobe
* Often accompanied by very high fever, rigors, sometimes pleurisy
* Dramatic, but get better very quickly with penicillin
* Actually not so common
* (Rarely get lobar pneumonia from Klebsiella pneumoniae or other bacteria- similar findings but
patients usually have underlying diseases too and are very sick and don’t get better quickly)

Question 6

a patchy distribution pneumonia

Answer 6

bronchopneumonia.

Question 7

what is likely to cause bronchopneumonia?

Answer 7

Caused by various bacteria including S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus

Centred on inflamed bronchi and bronchioles with spread into surrounding alveoli
* Bronchi filled with pus and acute inflammation seen in bronchi and surrounding alveoli

Question 8

what is the drug treatment for severe pneumonia
?

Answer 8

Azithromycin

Question 9

Atypical bacterial pneumonia can be caused by:

Answer 9

• Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• Chlamydophila pneumoniae
• Chlamydophila psittaci
• Legionella pneumophilia

Question 10

Legionella pneumophila

Answer 10

Potentially fatal atypical pneumonia
a
* Can cause outbreaks in both the community and in hospitals
* Organism thrives in warm water systems
Inhalation of contaminated aerosols causes disease