strategies to resist temptation

Question 1

Retraining - alcohol

Wiers

Answer 1

Alcoholics trained avoidances on push paradigm

reduce relapse up to 1 year

Question 2

Retraining - Smoking

Macy

Answer 2

Web intervention of push/pull paradigm (vs left to right) on smoking cues

increase implicit negtive attitude to smoking
increase intentions to quit

Question 3

Distancing

Answer 3

Removing from the immediate affectively charged situation
reduce anger rumination
fly on the wall

Question 4

Retraining

Answer 4

Based on counteractive control

can retrain implicit approach/avoidance via motor system ctivation

Question 5

Distancing study

Answer 5

Mischowski
Provoked by confederate
x3 - reflect: self distance, self immerse, no reflect
DV: freq and intensity of noise blasts

sig decrease when self distance

Question 6

Mischel
Consume irrelevant
studies

Answer 6

slinky increase delay 15m
singing increase delay 12m
thinking of pretzel increase delay when marshmallow reward

Question 7

Mischel
Consume irrelevant
problems

Answer 7

bridges delay but not long term

may disinhibit from distraction

Question 8

Mishcel
Transform Relevant
studies

Answer 8

image/slides of temptation increase 9m

imgined frame increase 28m

Question 9

Mishcel

Transform Relevant + construal study

Answer 9

high vs low construal
WHY pursue goal
HOW pursue gol
high reduce $ pay to recieve NOW > delay

Question 10

Mindfulness

Answer 10

observational, decetnred and nonjudgemental appraisal of immedite thoughts, feelings etc

recog thoughts and feelings are transient

Question 11

Mindfulness studies

Answer 11

Papies
curb sexual motivation towards attractive others

curbs hunger and attraction towards unhealthy food

Question 12

Precommitment

Answer 12

Prevention of long term exposure to temptation by actively planning to avoid

Question 13

Precommitment

study

Answer 13

Wertenbroch
healthy buy smaller portions of high cal food not low cal
even though more expensive to do so

Question 14

self invoked rewarding or punishing

Answer 14

Important future goal discounted with time - need to make goal more important and temptation less so

reward goal pursuit
punish sc failure

Question 15

self invoked rewarding or punishing

study

Answer 15

1. pps told could recieve important info about cog ability following task
   BUT requires not eat for short (6h) or long (3d) period of time
2. how mush $ willing to pay for self/other if fail?

• SELF: more money for self in long - if fail then motivation not to
• OTHER: more money for self in short term - punish for not trying?

Question 16

bridging the future and current self

Answer 16

Have temporally separate selves similar to how we see other people
- tendency to privilege current>future because dont perceive as close

Question 17

bridging the future and current self
mri study (1)

Answer 17

pps in mri - task: apply judgement words to self/other/future self etc
- brain pattern activation when judging future self similar to when judging other people > self

Question 18

bridging the future and current self

decision making study (2)

Answer 18

pps in financial decision making task
choice between small $ now or large $ later

those whos pattern of activation for future self most similar to others > self, more likely to chose small immediate>delayed rewards

Question 19

bridging the future and current self
savings study (3)

Answer 19

1500 people asked:
arons paradigm to future self
savings
- closer to future self had more savings/accumulated wealth - even when control for age, income and education

Question 20

bridging the future and current self

study to overcome - virtual reality

Answer 20

use aged version of digital character of self in virtual reality
- future self more likely to put x2 $ in saving account than current self

Question 21

counteractive control

Answer 21

automatic aymmetric shift in motivation away from temptation and towards goal
varies as function of goal saliency and temptation magnitude/desire strength

Question 22

counteractive control

donut

Answer 22

prime donut - think slim

prime goal - think neg auto for tempt

Question 23

counteractive control
f+s
approach avoid paradigm

Answer 23

images of goal (assignment) or tempt (fb)
push and pull
implicit tendency to approach goals and avoid temptations - requires a relevant long-term goal

moderated self-regulatory effectiveness and extent of the threat temptations

Question 24

counteractive control

study - partners

Answer 24

men automatically shift attention away from attractive women when partner made salient

Question 25

regulation of availability/opportunity

strategies

Answer 25

precommitment

punishment/reward

Question 26

regulation of availability/opportunity

thaler and shefrin

Answer 26

christmas savings accounts

Question 27

habitual self control

strategies

Answer 27

retraining

implementation intentions

Question 28

habitual self control

theories

Answer 28

counteractive control theory - fishbach, zhang, trope

post choice dissonance reduction - aronson

Question 29

cognitive reconstrual

theories

Answer 29

construal level

mischel hot/cold strategies (consume irrelevant/transform relevant - strategies)

Question 30

cognitive reconstrual

strategies

Answer 30

mishcel transform strategies
construal level strategies - abstraction
mindfulness
distancing 
future self

Question 31

overall strategies of self control

Answer 31

cognitive reconstrual
habitual self control
regulation of availability/opportunity