Strategic Flashcards by Robin H

Development of problems in MRI

cybernetics -difficulties are turned intp chronic problems by misguided solutions (MRI) this is the only development of problem in MRI and part of the problem in other strategic models.

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Development of Problem Haley Madanes and Milan (3 areas)

Structural: Problems are a result of flaws in a family’s hierarchy or boundaries
Functional: Problems result when people try to protect one another indirectly, such that their problems come to serve a function for the system
cybernetics -difficulties are turned intp chronic problems by misguided solutions

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Milton Erickson contributions Resistance

resistance to change can be used to create change

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Milton Erickson contributions paradox

paradox - forbid resistant families to change in ways that are counter to their goals- promote rebellion

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Haley MAdanes Strategic Theorists

Jay Haley cofounder of brieg strategic at MRI
CLoe Madanes founded family therapy institute focused on the tension between love and power in interactions

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Main concept Haley MAdanes strategic

Focus on resolving the presenting problem (behavioral change), not on insight
A family must ACT DIFFERENTLY before they can THINK AND FEEL differently
Look at Hierarchy and power

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Process Haley-Madanes Strategic

Ready, Aim, Fire:
▪ Assess interaction sequences; target small sequence change; motivate family
o Interrupt interaction sequences with task for small sequence change
o Evaluate response
o Interrupt again

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Relational Problem in Haley Madanes

The problem is a relational (interactional) one, part of the interactional sequence of behaviors that
have emerged thru repeated exchanges with no one person to blame

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existential problem Haley Madanes

All problems stem from an existential dilemma between love and violence

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Behaviors in Haley Madanes

voluntary- chosen

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symptoms and power Haley Madanes

symptoms can generate power

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Role of symptoms/underlying problem

Metaphorical vs Literal – symptom as metaphor for other problem sequence of behavior

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symptom and hierarchy ) Haley Madanes

Hierarchy vs Equality – symptom as demand for more/less hierarchy

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Symptom and hostility Haley Madanes

Hostility vs Love – interactions interpreted as motivated by hostility or love

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Goals of therapy Haley Madanes

General: promote a change that alters people’s subjective experiences (mood/thought/behavior)
* Ultimate: Find ways to love without dominating, intruding upon, or harming the other(s); symptomfree interaction patterns

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Haley Madanes Goals intervention directive

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directive Haley Madanes

a task or a reframe before leaving the session, to be followed up on the following
session; (“do something different”) and indirect directives (paradoxical or
metaphorical tasks).

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Pretend technique (Haley Madanes)

fake it ‘til you make it

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Haley Madanes theory memory aid

Mess with the fish: schools of fish cannot be shepherded but can be interrupted and allowed toregroup in a new way in response to the interruption. We do not give linear or directive psychoed to
the fish.

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Milan Systemic Theorists

Mara Selvini Palazzoli, Luigi Boscolo, Gianfranco Cecchin, Guiliana Prata

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Homeostasis

circular patterns of action and reaction within the family system that maintains the problem

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Hypothesizing Milan

Must be systemic- invites the family to join the therapist in exploring the family system. All hypotheses are considered equally valid as long as it brings new information about how the family
system operates

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circularity Milan

Attributes of member-to-member interactions AND form of interactions between therapist and
family system- each affecting the other

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circular questioning Milan

Questions based on therapist hypothesis and require responses that are relational
descriptions of family interactions

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stance of therapist Milan

Neutrality (curiosity) and Irreverence: Therapist conveys an attitude of curious exploration when asking questions or responding to family members answers.

Problem in Milan

Problems are maintained through interactional sequences that become a state of homeostasis within the family system.

Responsibility of members of family Milan

Each family member is responsible for their part in the interactional sequence and all members of the family system should be included in sessions

Goal of Milan

To help the family system change their circular interactional patterns to decrease/eliminate problem through increased understanding of their role in the interactional pattern.

length of milan therapy

10 sessions

Positive connotation Milan

- assigning a positive motive or value to each family member’s behavior by using paradoxical strategies (child should continue to sacrifice himself by remaining depressed as a way to reassure his family that he will not become abusive like his grandfather)

Rituals Milan intervention

Interventions that enhance a positive connotation or require the family to either exaggerate or violate family rules (everyone thank the symptomatic child for their sacrifice of remaining depressed)

MRI strategic theorists

: Richard Fisch and Don Jackson + John Weakland, Paul Watzlawick

MRI problem

cybernetics informed- attempted but misguided solutions maintain problem.

MRI double bind

: no matter what you do, you do something different: something that moves you in a new direction

metacommunication

: communication about the communication ○ What's the command (nonverbal element that defines relationship)? same as process (?)

MRI observational team

behind a mirror, the distance helps one to avoid getting sucked into family dynamics/interactional pattern

MRI and structure

not concerned with family structure - no "normal"

Goals MRI

measurable, time limited, break interactional cycle, 1st order and 2nd order change

Main MRI interventions

Exploring previous attempts to solve problem lReframing Restraining Paradoxical intervention

Attempt to solve problem MRI Terrible Simplification

Action Is Necessary but None Is Taken ○ Denial of real problem → act

Attempt to solve problem MRI The Utopian Syndrome

Action Is Taken When It Is Not Necessary Attempts to solve a nonexistent problem → stop acting

Attempt to solve problem MRI Paradox

(Action Is Taken at the Wrong Level) ○ Using the wrong action for the problem → different action

reframe

using language to give new meaning to situation

What are Paradoxical Interventions

(what seem opposite to goals of treatment) ● Symptom prescription- do more of the problem! ○ compliance based - do as suggested ○ defiance based - defy the directive

Restraining techniques

type of paradoxical intervention. warns of dangers of change or telling to change slowly. Aligning with ambivalence of family to perturb system.

Positioning intervention

therapist exaggerating family’s explanation to the point family disagrees.

What is a vicious cycle (strategic/MRI)

self-reinforcing—or circular—dynamics and, as such, are commonly called “vicious cycles” or even “vicious circles.”

Main tenet of MRI brief therapy =therapeutic....

Double bind

Which strategic theory addresses The belief that happiness, work, love, and play are important. Problems occur due to a desire to control and dominate. And incongruent hierarchies.

Haley Madanes

What is circular questioning

The technique of asking questions that focus on family connections. These questions highlight differences in perceptions about events and relationships among family members.

The goal of Milan family

To interrupt family games

After resolving the presenting problem, Haley-Madanes would most likely:

Ask if there were any other problems to follow up on

Which strategic theory saw love and happiness as appropriate goals

Haley Madanes

goal of this theory is to create alternative epistemology to behaviors.

Milan

What is a reflecting team

used when treating families through Milan Family Therapy. Observers

What is the purpose of circular questioning

brings out differences between family members

How do you break interactional pattern in MRI

Perturb the system

MRI role of therapist

Expert, creates conditions for change, directive,

What is report and command MRI

The report or content of a message conveys information, while command is a statement about the defined relationship

WHo is Mara Selvini Palazzoli

One of the founders of Milan systemic family therapy