Stool Examination

Question 1

Around ________ of stool is passed per day

Answer 1

100-200 g

Question 2

Human feces contain

Answer 2

75% water and 25% solids

Question 3

Brown color of stool is due to

Answer 3

Intestinal oxidation of urobilin and stercobilinogen

Question 4

Normal composition of feces:

Answer 4

1. Electrolytes
2. Water
3. Bacteria
4. Cells from intestinal walls
5. Bile pigments
6. GI secretions

Question 5

Macroscopic examination consists of

Answer 5

1. Color
2. Consistency
3. Quantity
4. Form
5. Odor
6. Presence of mucus

Question 6

Type of mucus in stool that is considered abnormal

Answer 6

Copious mucus or bloody mucus

Question 7

Normal color of stool

Answer 7

Tawny (due to bilirubin and bile)

Question 8

Infants normal stool color and consistency:

Answer 8

Color: Green
Consistency: Watery or Pasty

Question 9

First feces of a newborn

Answer 9

Meconium

Question 10

Give the clinical significance of stool color:

Brown

Answer 10

Normal (stercobilin/urobilin)

Question 11

Give the clinical significance of stool color:

Black or Tarry stool

Answer 11

Upper GI bleeding (melena)
Iron
Bismuth

Question 12

Give the clinical significance of stool color:

Red

Answer 12

Lower GI bleeding (Hematochezia)

Question 13

Give the clinical significance of stool color:

Pale yellow, White, Gray-colored or Putty-colored

Answer 13

Biliary obstruction
Barium sulfate

Question 14

Upper GIT is consists of

Answer 14

DES
- Duodenum
- Esophagus
- Stomach

Question 15

Lower GIT is consists of

Answer 15

LA
- Large intestine
- Anus (Rectal)

Question 16

COLLECTION OF FECAL SPECIMEN

Collect about ______ of stool in a dry, clean, container

Answer 16

10-15 grams

Question 17

If it is not possible to obtain feces, collect a specimen by inserting a cotton wool stab into rectum for about _____

Answer 17

10 secs

Question 18

Degree of moisture

Answer 18

Consistency

Question 19

Guide to identify the protozoa’s stage (trophozoite or cyst)

Answer 19

Consistency

Question 20

How to write the degree of consistency

Answer 20

F: Formed (cyst stage)
S: Soft
L: Loose (Trophozoite stage)
W: watery
M: presence of mucus
B: presence of blood

Question 21

The simplest and easiest technique for the examination of feces

Answer 21

Wet mount

Question 22

Used for the initial microscopic examination of stools

Answer 22

Saline wet mount

Question 23

This is a routine method of stool examination primarily useful in the detection of motile protozoan trophozoites

Answer 23

Saline Wet Mount

Question 24

This type of mount can also reveal the presence of red blood cells and white blood cells

Answer 24

Saline Wet Mount

Question 25

SALINE WET MOUNT: Percentage of NSS used

Answer 25

0.85% NSS

Question 26

SALINE WET MOUNT: Demonstrates the presence of:

Answer 26

- Eggs - Larvae - Protozoan trophozoites - Cysts - RBC - WBC - Bacteria - Yeast cells - Parasites (Ova)

Question 27

Protozoan cysts can also be seen in a direct fecal smear using a

Answer 27

Lugol’s Iodine (Weak iodine solution)

Question 28

Can be used temporary stain to demonstrate nuclei

Answer 28

Lugol’s Solution or D’Antoni

Question 29

Helminth eggs and larvae can also be detected using this preparation

Answer 29

Lugol’s Iodine Wet Mount

Question 30

Is a diagnostic tool for defining protozoa, helminths, and fecal leukocytes

Answer 30

Microscopic Examination