Stomach, Small And Large Bowel Flashcards
What is the first anterior branch of the abdominal aorta?
Coeliac trunk
What arteries branch to the left of the coeliac trunk?
L. Gastric
L. Splenic —> L. Gastroepiploic
What arteries would you find to the right of the coeliac trunk, coming off the first main branch only?
CT —> Common hepatic –> L. and R. hepatic
CH —> R. Gastric
CH —> R. Gastroduodenal
What arteries come off the R. Gastroduodenal artery?
R. Gastroepiploic
Superior pancreaticoduodenal
What part of the stomach do the R and L gastric artery supply?
Lesser curvature of the stomach
What part of the stomach do the R and L gastroepiploic artery supply?
Greater curvature of the stomach
What is the second anterior branch of the abdominal aorta?
Superior mesenteric artery
Describe the venous drainage into the hepatic portal vein via the splenic vein only (ie left side drainage)
Rectal, sigmoid and L colic vein drain into inferior mesenteric vein which drains into the splenic vein which drains into the hepatic portal vein.
L. Gastroepiploic vein also drains into splenic and then to HPV
Describe the venous drainage into the hepatic portal vein via the superior mesenteric vein (ie right side)
Ileocolic, R colic, middle colic, jejunal, ileal, pancreaticoduodenal and R gastroepiploic veins all drain into the superior mesenteric vein which drains into the HPV
What veins drain directly into the hepatic portal vein?
Superior mesenteric and splenic anastomose to drain into HPV.
R and L gastric also drain directly into HPV. (Some oesophageal veins drain into L gastric and then into HPV but process isn’t direct)
What is the greater omentum?
Large fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the greater curvature of the stomach, covers the small intestine to connect to the transverse colon, important in storage for fat deposits and role in immunity
What is the lesser omentum?
Double layer of peritoneum that attaches the lesser curvature of the stomach to the porta hepatis of the liver
What is the lesser sac?
Also known as the omental bursa it is a hollow space formed by the lesser and greater omentum and its organs
What is the greater sac?
General cavity of the abdomen, compromises most of the peritoneal cavity
Name the two sphincters of the stomach and their function?
Cardiac sphincter - prevents acidic contents from stomach entering the oesophagus
Pyloric sphincter - acts as a valve to control the flow of partially digested food into the small intestine
Name the parts of the stomach from top to bottom
Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
What arteries supply the ascending colon?
Two branches of the superior mesenteric artery - ileocolic and right colic
What arteries supply the transverse colon?
Branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries - right, middle and left colic
What artery supplies the descending colon?
Branch of the inferior mesenteric artery - left colic
At what vetebral levels does the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries arise from
S - L1
I - L3
What is a hiatus hernia and where does it occur?
Occurs when part of the stomach protrudes into the chest through the oesophageal hiatus in the diaphragm
What is the importance of plicae circularis?
The circular folds slow passage of food along the small intestine allowing extra surface area for absorption, they are covered with microvilli that can absorb fats and nutrients from chyme
