Liver, Gall Bladder, Pancreas And Spleen Flashcards
What is the ligamentum venosum a remnant of? And where would you find it?
The ductus venosus - in the foetus this is used to shunt blood from the umbilical vein directly to the inferior vena cava
Found between left lobe and caudate lobe
Name the 4 lobes of the liver
Right
Caudate
Quadrate
Left
What is the porta hepatis and what does it transmit?
Hilum of the liver.
R and L hepatic ducts (leaving)
R and L hepatic arteries (entering)
Hepatic portal vein (entering)
What is the ligamentum teres and where will you find it?
Remnant of the umbilical vein found in the free edge of the falciform ligament
What is the falciform ligament and where would you find it?
A double layer of peritoneum that separates the R and L lobes of the liver. It attaches the anterior surface of the liver to the anterior abdominal wall
What is the coronary ligament and where would you find it?
Double layer of peritoneum that attaches the superior surface of the liver to the diaphragm.
Anterior coronary ligament runs along surface of liver off of diaphragm. Posterior coronary ligament runs from both ends of anterior CL surrounding the porta hepatis
Where do you find the triangular ligaments?
Found where anterior and posterior coronary ligaments meet. L triangular found on outermost point of superior surface. R triangular ligament found on the outermost point of the posterior surface of the bare area.
Where would you find the lesser omentum?
Attaches the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum
What is the role of the liver?
Filter and detoxify blood from chemicals and drugs. It also makes proteins important for blood clotting.
What is the role of the gallbladder?
Concentrates and acts as a reservoir for bile. Bile is released through the cystic and then common bile ducts into the duodenum as a response to cholecystokinin secretion
Describe the flow of bile
Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile comes out of the liver from the L and R hepatic ducts which come together to form the common hepatic duct.
Common hepatic duct joins with cystic duct to form the common bile duct.
Common bile duct along with pancreatic duct form the hepatoduodenal ampulla of Vater which then enters second part of duodenum
What controls the exit of bile and pancreatic juices into the 2nd part of the duodenum?
Sphincter of Oddi
How are gallstones formed?
Most commonly composed of a mix of cholesterol and bile pigment, formed due to an altered composition of bile resulting in cholesterol crystals. Often asymptomatic but when they block the exit from the gallbladder they cause complications.
What is the function of bile
Aids digestion and helps to eliminate waste products from the body
What is the function of the pancreas?
Exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that helps regulate blood sugar
