Stomach Flashcards
Is the stomach intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
Which region of the abdomen is the stomach primarily located?
Epigastric region
How many sphincters does the stomach have?
2
What are the 2 sphincters of the stomach?
- Inferior oseophageal sphincter
2. Pyloric sphincter
Function of rugae on interior surface of stomach?
Increase surface area
At what vertebral level is the inferior oseophageal sphincter?
T11
Main function of stomach
Acidic and mechanical digestion
Gastric juice concerts a mass of food into what?
Chyme
Name the 4 parts of the stomach?
- Cardia
- Fundus
- Body
- Pylorus
Name the 2 curvatures of the stomach?
- Greater curvature
2. Lesser curvature
Surrounds the cardial orifice
Cardia
Opening of the oseophagus into the stomach
Cardial orifice
Superior part of the stomach which may be dilated by gas, fluid or food
Fundus
Which structure is between the oseophagus and fundus?
Cardial notch
Central portion which lies between the fundus and pyloric antrum
Body
Connects the stomach to the duodenum. Comprised of 3 parts.
Pylorus
What are the 3 parts of the pylorus?
Pyloric antrum, Pyloric Canal and Pyloric Sphincter
Lies between the pylorus and first part of duodenum. It controls the exit of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum
Pyloric sphincter
When intragastric pressure overcomes the resistance of the pylorus, the stomach does what?
Empties its contents into the duodenum
What forms the cardiac notch?
Greater curvature
Where does the greater curvature start and finish from?
Starts at cardiac notch and ends at pyloric antrum
What indictaes the junction of the body and pyloric region?
Lesser curvature
Which ligament attaches at the lesser curvature?
Hepatogastric ligament
Generally, what is the blood supply of the stomach?
Coeliac trunk
What are the 3 main branches of the coeliac trunk?
- Splenic artery
- Left gastric artery
- Common hepatic artery
Which smaller branches of the coeliac trunk supplies the stomach?
- Right gastric artery
- Left gastric artery
- Left gastro-omental artery
- Right gastro-omental artery
Which branch of the coeliac trunk does the right gastric artery originate from?
Common hepatic artery
Which arterial branch supplying the stomach comes directly from the coeliac trunk?
Left gastric artery
Which branch of the coeliac trunk does the right gastro-omental artery originate from?
Gastroduodenal artery (which arises from the common hepatic artery)
Which branch of the coeliac trunk does the left gastro-omental artery originate from?
Splenic artery
Where do the right and left gastric arteries anastomose?
Along the lesser curvature of the stomach
Where do the right and left gastro-omental arteries anastomose?
Along the greater curvature of the stomach
What are the 5 veins that are responsible for the venous drainage of the stomach?
- Right gastric vein
- Left gastric vein
- Short gastric vein
- Left gastro-omental vein
- Right gastro-omental vein
Which veins drain into the hepatic portal vein?
Right and left gastric vein
Which veins drain into the superior mesenteric vein?
Short gastric, left and right gastro-omental veins
Parasympathetic innervation of the stomach
Anterior and posterior vagal trunks
Where do the anterior and posterior vagal trunks originate from?
Vagal nerve
Sympathetic innervation of the stomach
rises from T6-T9 spinal cord segments and passes to the coeliac plexus via the greater splanchnic nerve
Lymphatic drainage of the stomach
Gastric and gastro-omental lymph nodes drain into the coeliac lymph nodes
Where are the gastric lymph nodes found?
Lesser curvature
Where are the gastro-omental lymph nodes found?
Greater curvature
What is used to help detect abnormalities on an x-ray?
Contrast medium of barium sulphate
