Small Intestine and Large Intestine Flashcards
Function of small intestine
digestion and absorption of food
Name the 3 parts of the small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Where does the small intestine extend from?
Pylorus of stomach
Where does the small intestine end?
Ileocecal junction
Most proximal part of small intestine
Duodenum
Where does the duodenum extend from?
Pyloric sphincter of pylorus
Where does the duodenum end?
Duodenojejunal junction
Is the duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal (except proximal part)
Name the 3 parts of the duodenum (in consecutive order)
Superior part
Descending part
Inferior part
Ascending part
Erosion of mucosa, most commonly in the stomach or superior duodenum
Peptic ulcers
At which vertebral level is superior duodenum?
L1
What connects the superior part of the duodenum to the liver?
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Which part of the duodenum is the only intraperitoneal part of the duodenum?
Superior part of the duodenum
At which vertebral level(s) does the descending duodenum lie?
L1-L3
Which part of the duodenum curves about the head of pancreas?
Descending part of duodenum
Which part of the duodenum contains major duodenal papilla?
Descending part of duodenum
At which vertebral level is the inferior part of duodenum?
L3
Which part of the duodenum is posterior to transverse colon?
Descending duodenum
Which part of the duodenum is anterior to the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta?
Inferior duodenum
Which part of the duodenum is posterior to superior mesenteric artery and vein?
Inferior duodenum
At which vertebral level is the ascending duodenum?
L3-L2
Which part of the duodenum is connected to the jejunum via duodenojejunal flexure?
Ascending duodenum
Bile duct and main pancreatic ducts enter wall of descending duodenum via what?
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
The duodenojejunal flexure is supported by the attachment of which muscle?
Suspensory muscle of the duodenum
Where does the jejunum extend from?
Duodenojejunal junction
Where does the jejunum and ileum end?
Ileocecal junction
The union of the terminal ileum and cecum
Ileocecal junction
Which attaches the jejumun and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall?
Mesentery (fold of peritoneum)
Is the jejunum retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
Is the ileum retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?
Ileum
Which has longer vasa recta and less arcades?
Jejunum (jejunum is a longer word than ileum and so jejunum has a longer vasa recta and therefore less arcades than ileum)
Which part of the small intestine is located in the upper left quadrant?
Jejunum
Which part of the small intestine is located in the lower right quadrant?
Ileum
Which has a thicker wall, the jejunum or ileum?
Jejunum
Which has less villi and plicae circularis?
Ileum
Name the 5 parts of the large intestine
Caecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon
Where does the large intestine extend from?
Ileum
Where does the large intestine end?
Rectum
Function of large instestine
Absorbs water and forms faeces from waste products
Name 3 features which differentiate the large intestine from the small intestine
- Omental appendices
- Haustra
- Teniae coli
Fat filled pouches of peritoneum
Omental appendices
Sacculations along the large intestine produced by the teniae coli contractions
Haustra
3 longitudinal strips of muscle which are slightly shorter in length than the large intestine, thus producing the haustra
Teniae coli
Which of the 9 regions is the cacum locatated?
Right iliac fossa
Is the cecum retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
Where does the cecum extend from?
Ileum
Where does the cecum end?
Ascending colon
Function of cecum
Reservoir for chyme from the ileum
What of the 9 regions is the ascending colon located in?
Right iliac fossa, right lumbar region and right hypochondriac region
Is the ascending colon retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal
Where does the ascending colon extend from?
Caecum
Where does the ascending colon end?
Hepatic flexure
Which of the 9 regions is the transverse colon located in?
Right hypochondriac region, epigastric region and left hypochondriac region
Is the transverse colon intraperitoneal or retropertioneal?
Intraperitoneal
Where does the transverse colon extend from?
Hepatic flexure
Where does the transverse colon end?
Splenic flexure
Which of the 9 regions is the descending colon located in?
Left hypochondriac region, left lumbar region and left iliac fosa
Is the descending colon retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?
Retroperitoneal
Where does the descending colon extend from?
Splenic flexure
Where does the descending colon end?
Sigmoid colon
Which of the 9 regions is the sigmoid colon located?
Left iliac fossa
Where does the sigmoid colon extend from?
Ascending colon
Where does the sigmoid colon end?
Rectum
Is the sigmoid colon intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
