Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

Pancreas has 2 functions…

A
  1. Exocrine (digestive)

2. Endocrine (hormonal)

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2
Q

At which level plane is the pancreas located at?

A

Transpyloric plane (L1)

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3
Q

Is the pancreas intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

Retroperitoneal (except tail of pancreas)

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4
Q

Name the 5 parts of the pancreas

A
  1. Head
  2. Uncinate process
  3. Neck
  4. Body
  5. Tail
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5
Q

Uncinate process lies _____ to the superior mesenteric vessels

A

Posterior

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6
Q

Neck lies _____ the superior mesenteric vessels

A

Over

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7
Q

Body lies to the _______ of the superior mesenteric vessels

A

Left

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8
Q

Which ligament is the tail of the pancreas contained within?

A

Splenorenal ligament

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9
Q

Is the tail of the pancreas intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

Intraperitoneal

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10
Q

Which part of the duodenum does the common bile duct open into?

A

Duodenum

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11
Q

Small opening in the duodenum where the pancreatic and bile ducts join and release their secretions

A

Ampulla of vater

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12
Q

Muscle which surrounds the ampulla of vater

A

Sphincter of oddi

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13
Q

Which two veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?

A

Splenic vein

Superior mesenteric vein

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14
Q

Where does the formation of the hepatic portal vein occur?

A

Posterior to the neck of the pancreas

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15
Q

Which vein drains into the splenic vein?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

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16
Q

Name the 2 ducts of the pancreas

A
  1. Pancreatic duct

2. Accessory pancreatic duct

17
Q

Which 2 ducts unite to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater?

A
  1. Common bile duct

2. Pancreatic duct

18
Q

Ampulla of Vater opens into the duodenum via what structure?

A

Major duodenal papilla

19
Q

Accessory pancreatic duct opens into…?

A

Minor duodenal papilla

20
Q

Causes of pancreatitis can be remembered by what acronym?

A

GET SMASHED

21
Q

What does GET SMASHED stand for?

A

Gallstones
Ethanol
Trauma

Steroids
Mumps
Autoimmune
Scorpion stings
Hypertriglyceridemia, hypercalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism
ERCP- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Drugs- Sodium Valproate, Azathioprine and Sulphonamides

22
Q

5 key symptoms of pancreatitis (acute or chronic)

A
  1. Severe epigastric pain which radiates to the back
  2. Nausea
  3. Vomiting
  4. Diarrhoea
  5. Steatorrhea
23
Q

Arterial supply of pancreas

A
  1. Pancreatic branches of splenic artery (rest of pancreas)

2. Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (supply head)

24
Q

Venous drainage of pancreas

A

Head- superior mesenteric branches of hepatic portal vein

Rest of pancreas- pancreatic veins which drain into splenic vein

25
Q

Lymphatic drainage of pancreas

A

Pancreatic lymphatic vessels–> coeliac lymph nodes

26
Q

Superior and inferior pancreacticoduodenal arteries are branches of which arteries?

A
  1. Gastroduodenal artery (from coeliac trunk)

2. Superior mesenteric artery