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STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the causative organism of gonorrhoea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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2
Q

What is the incubation period of gonorrhoea?

A

Average 5-6 days

Range of 2 days t 2 weeks

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3
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhoea in men?

A

10% asymptomatic
Thick, profuse yellow discharge
Dysuria

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4
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhoea in girls?

A

> 50% asymptomatic
Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding

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5
Q

What investigations are done for gonorrhoea?

A

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) of urine or swab
Gram stained smear from urethra, cervix or rectum
Culture swab for antibiotic sensitivity

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6
Q

What is the treatment of gonorrhoea?

A

Ceftriaxone 500mg IM once
Azythromycin 1g oral once
Test for cure at 2 weeks and reinfection at 3 months

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7
Q

What are the complications of gonorrhoea?

A

Men- epididymitis
Female- PID, Bartholin’s abscess
Acute monoarthritix
Disseminated infection- pustular skin lesions with white halo

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8
Q

What is the causative organism of chlamydia?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of chlamydia in men?

A

> 70% asymptomatic
Slight watery discharge
Dysuria

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10
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of chlamydia in women?

A

> 80% asymptomatic
Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Intermenstrual/post coital bleed

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11
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of chlamydia in both sexes?

A

Dysuria

Conjunctivitis

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12
Q

What investigations are done for chlamydia?

A

NAAT of first void urine in men or swab from cervix, urethra or rectum

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13
Q

What is the treatment of chlamydia?

A

Azythromycin orally once
Doxycycline 100mg twice daily for 1 week if rectal infection
Test for reinfection at 3-12 months

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14
Q

What ar the complications for chlamydia?

A 
Male- epididymitis
Female- PID and infertility
Reactive arthritis
Reiter's syndrome
Urethritis
Cervicitis
Conjunctivitis
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15
Q

What is the causative organism of herpes?

A

Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2

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16
Q

What is the incubation period of herpes?

A

5 days to several months

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17
Q

What are the signs and symtoms of herpes?

A 
80% asymptomatic
Burning/itching
Blistering
Tender ulceration
Tender inguinal lymphadenopathy
Flu like symptoms
Dysuria
Neuralgic pain in back, pelvis and legs
18
Q

How is herpes diagnosed?

A

Clinical impression

Swb fro lesion testing using PCR

19
Q

What is the treatment of a primary outbreak of herpes?

A

Aciclovir

Lidocaine ointment

20
Q

What is the treatment of infrequent recurrences of herpes?

A

Lidocaine ointment

Aciclovir once daily until symptoms gone

21
Q

What is the treatment of frequent recurrences of herpes?

A

Long term aciclovir

22
Q

What are the complications of herpes?

A

Autonomic neuropathy
Neonatal infection
Secondary infection

23
Q

What is the causative organism of trichomoniasis?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

24
Q

What are the sign and symptoms of trichomoniasis?

A

Men- usually asymptomatic

Women- 10-30% asymptomatic, profuse, thin green and frothy vaginal discharge w foul smell, vulvitis

25
Q

What is the investigation of trichomoniasis?

A

PCR of vaginal swab

26
Q

What is the treatment of trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole 400mg 2x daily for 5 days or 2g once

27
Q

What are the complications of trichomoniasis?

A

Miscarriage

Preterm labour

28
Q

What are the causative organisms of anogenital warts?

A

HPV types 6 and 11

29
Q

What is the epidemiology of anogenital warts?

A

> 90% of UK population have genital HPV at some point, 20% get symptoms

30
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of anogenital warts?

A

Lumps with surface texture of cauliflower
Itching
Bleeding

31
Q

How are anogenital warts diagnosed?

A

Appearance

Biopsy if unusual

32
Q

What is the treatment of anogenital warts?

A

Podophyllotoxin cream
Cryotherapy
Diathermy/scissor removal

33
Q

What is the causative organism of syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

34
Q

What % of those wth syphilis are MSM?

A

> 90

35
Q

What is the incubation period of syphilis?

A

Normally 9-90 days

36
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of syphilis?

A

Asymptomatic
Primary- local ulcer
Secondary- rash, mucosal ulceration, neuro symptoms, patchy alopecia
Tertiary- neuro, CV or gummatous symptoms

37
Q

What is early latent syphilis?

A

No symptoms but <2 years since acquired

38
Q

What is late latent syphilis?

A

No symptoms but >2 years since acquired

39
Q

How is syphilis diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs
Serology for TP IgGEIA, TPPA and RPR
PCR from ulcer

40
Q

What is the treatment of syphilis?

A

Early and no neuropathy involvement- benzathine penicillin IM once OR doxycycline 100mg 2x daily for 2 weeks
Late and no neuroinvolvement- benzathine penicillin IM 3x OR doxycycline 100mg 2x daily for 28 days

41
Q

What are the complications of syphilis?

A

Neurosyphilis
Cardiac or aortic involvement
Congenital syphilis

42
Q

What is the most common manifestation of neurosyphilis?

A

Cranial nerve palsies

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