Maternal and perinatal mortality

Question 1

What is maternal mortality classed as?

Answer 1

The death of a woman while pregnant or with 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of duration or site of pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management, but not from accidental or incidental causes

Question 2

What are the measures of maternal mortality?

Answer 2

Maternal mortality ratio
Maternal mortality rate
Lifetime risk
Proportionate mortality ratio

Question 3

What is maternal mortality ratio?

Answer 3

No of maternal deaths in a given time period per 100,000 live births in the same time period

Question 4

What is the maternal mortality rate?

Answer 4

No of maternal deaths in a given time period per 100,000 women of reproductive age

Question 5

What is the lifetime risk?

Answer 5

Probability of maternal death during a woman’s reproductive life, usually expressed in terms of odds

Question 6

What is proportionate mortality ratio?

Answer 6

Maternal deaths as a proportion of all female deaths of those of reproductive age in a given time period

Question 7

What are the 2 principles for methods of monitoring mortality?

Answer 7

Facilitybased

Population/community based

Question 8

What are the facility based methods of monitoring maternal mortality?

Answer 8

Health info systems
Registries
COnfidential inquires
Maternal death review
Audit

Question 9

What are the community based methods of monitoring maternal mortality?

Answer 9

Notification by law
Vital registration
Census
Surveys or surveillance

Question 10

What is the maternal mortality ratio in the UK?

Answer 10

8.8 per 100,000 women

Question 11

What are the 2 causes of maternal mortality?

Answer 11

Direct

Indirect

Question 12

What are direct deaths?

Answer 12

Related to obstetric complications during pregnancy, labour or puerperium or resulting from any teratment recieved

Question 13

What are indirect deaths?

Answer 13

Associated with a disorder, the effect of which is exacerbated by a pregnancy

Question 14

What are the major causes of maternal mortality?

Answer 14

Unsafe abortion
Haemorrhage
Hypertensive disorders
Sepsis
Haemorrhage
Indirect
Other

Question 15

What is the 3 delays model?

Answer 15

Delay in recision to seek care
Delay in reaching care
Delay in receiving care

Question 16

Where is the highest maternal mortality ratio?

Answer 16

Sub-Saharan african and south asia, esp afganistan

Question 17

What are the methods of preventing maternal mortality?

Answer 17

Antenatal care
Skilled attendant at birth
Emergency obstetric care

Question 18

What emergency obstetric care should be offered?

Answer 18

Clean delivery
Active 3rd stage management
Parenteral antibodies, oxytocin, magnesium sulphate
Manual removal of placenta/products of conception
Blood transfusion
C section

Question 19

What is stillbirth?

Answer 19

Birth of a dead baby after 24 weeks or weighing more than 500g

Question 20

What is early neonatal death?

Answer 20

Death of baby within first week of life

Question 21

What is late neonatal death?

Answer 21

Death of baby within first 28 days of life

Question 22

What is perinatal mortality

Answer 22

Includes stillbirth and neonatal death

Question 23

What is infant mortality?

Answer 23

Death of infant in first year of life

Question 24

What is child mortality?

Answer 24

Death of child within first 5 years of life

Question 25

What are the causes of perinatal mortality?

Answer 25

Congenital abnormality
Cord
Foetal
Infection
Intrapartum
Maternal
Neonatal
Placenta
Termination
Unknown

Question 26

Where is the highest child mortality?

Answer 26

Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia- 14x more likely than in developed countries