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Pharm Spring 2023 > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What is syphilis caused by?

A
  1. Treponema pallidum (Spirochete)
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2
Q

What is the clinical presentation of syphilis?

A
  1. Appearance of a chancre
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3
Q

How long does primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary syphilis last for?

A

P: (1-3weeks) chancre
S: (6-12weeks) fever, lymphadenopathy, rash
L: (1-10 years) “hidden” stage
T: (10-30 years) damage to internal organs=death

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4
Q

What is the treatment of primary, secondary, early latent syphilis?

A
  1. Benezathine Penicillin G 2.4 million units IM X 1 dose
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5
Q

What is the treatment for late latent syphilis?

A
  1. Benzathine pencillin G 2.4 million units IM X 3 doses at weekly intervals
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6
Q

What causes gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae
*gram negative

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7
Q

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

A
  1. Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM X 1 dose
    AND
  2. Doxycycline 100mg PO BID X 7 days (if chlamydia is not excluded)
    *this is weight based
    *>150kg use 1000mg Ceftriaxone
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8
Q

What causes chlamydia?

A
  1. Chlamydia trachomatis
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9
Q

What is the treatment for chlamydia?

A
  1. Doxycycline 100mg by mouth BID X 7 days
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10
Q

What is Trichomoniasis caused by?

A
  1. Protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalsis
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11
Q

What is the treatment for men and women for trichomoniasis

A

W: metronidazole 500 mg PO BID X 7 days
M: Metronidazole 2g PO X 1 dose

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12
Q

What causes herpes?

A

Herpes simplex virus
1. HSV-1 (oral)
2. HSV-2 (genital)

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13
Q

What is the treatment of herpes for the first episode?

A

Antivirals
1. Acyclovir 400mg by mouth TID 7-10 days
OR
2. Valacyclovir 1g PO BID/ 7-10 days

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14
Q

What is the treatment of herpes for recurrent infections?

A
  1. Acyclovir 800mg BID or TID/ 5 days
  2. Valacyclovir 1g PO QD/ 5 days
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15
Q

What is the treatment of herpes for suppressive therapy?

A
  1. Acyclovir 400mg BID
  2. Valacyclovir 500mg/1g QD
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16
Q

What causes genial warts?

17
Q

What is the treatment for genital warts if they’re external? (Self-administered)

A

Self-administered
1. Imiquimod cream
2. Podofilox solution/gel
3. Sinecatechins ointment

18
Q

What is the treatment for genital warts? (Vaginal, urethra, cervical, anal)

A
  1. Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen
  2. Surgical removal
  3. Trichloroacetic acid
19
Q

What causes bacterial vaginosis

A
  1. Due to the replacement of lactobacillus species with anaerobic bacteria
20
Q

What is the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (anaerobic coverage)

A
  1. Metronidazole 500mg PO BID X 7 days
  2. Metronidazole gel 0.75% 5g once daily/5 days
  3. Clindamycin cream 2% 5g at bedtime/7 days
21
Q

What are the ADE of antivirals?

A
  1. Decrease in ANC (absolute neurotropil count)
  2. Decreased Hgb
  3. Rash
22
Q

What are the ADE of valacyclovir?

A
  1. Increased LFTs
  2. Nasopharyngitis
23
Q

If there is an infection of candidiasis what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)

A

Fluconazole

24
Q

If there is an infection of Cryptococcal meningitis what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)

A
  1. Amphotericin B + flucytosine
25
If there is an infection of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)
Valganciclovir or ganciclovir
26
If there is an infection of MAC what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)
Clarithromycin or Azithromycin + ethambutol
27
If there is an infection of PCP what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)
Bactrim +/- prednisone OR Methylprednisolone X 21 days
28
If there is an infection of Toxo what is the preferred treatment? (Secondary prophylaxis)
Pyrimethamine + Leucovorin + sulfadiazine
29
If there is an infection of Pneumocysitis (PCP) what is the indication of that? (HIV primary prophylaxis)
CD4 count <200 OR oropharyngeal candidiasis OR Other AIDS defining illness
30
If there is an infection of Pneumocytis what is the preferred treatment? (HIV Primary Prophylaxis)
Bactrim DS/SS daily
31
If there is an infection of Toxoplasma Gondi encephalitis what is the indication? (HIV Primary Prophylaxis)
Toxoplasma IgG + with CD4 <100
32
If there is an infection of Toxoplasma Gondi encephalitis what is the preferred treatment? (HIV Primary Prophylaxis)
Bactrim DS daily
33
If there is an infection of Mycobacterium Avium complex what is the indication? (HIV Primary Prophylaxis)
Not taking ART +CD4 <50
34
If there is an infection of Mycobacterium Avium complex (MAC) what is the preferred treatment? (HIV Primary Prophylaxis)
Azithromycin 1200mg weekly
35
What is the treatment for neurosyphilis?
Penicillin G 3-4 million units IV q4h X 10-14 days
36
What is the clinical presentation of trichomoniasis?
1. Yellow/green frothy discharge 2. Soreness 3. Pain with intercourse

Pharm Spring 2023 (27 decks)

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