Stimulus & Response (Mr Brown) Flashcards
Reflex
Very rapid, often unconscious.
Stimulus
Something that sparks a response.
Response
A reaction to a stimulus
Reflex Arc
Stimulus ~> Receptor ~> Coordinator ~> Effector ~> Response
Taxes
Direction of response is directly related to the direction in which organism is moving. (Moving closer or away from something)
Kinesis
Organism responds to stimulus by moving more or moving less but not in a specific direction.
Parasympathetic
Concerned with slowing things down, inhibition.
Sympathetic Division
Excitatory, speeds things up.
Rods
Display high visual sensitivity but low visual acuity.
Cones
Display low visual sensitivity but high visual acuity.
Visual acuity
The sharpness of the image produced.
Three types of cone
Red, green, blue.
Fatigue of Receptor Cells
The failure of response to continue.
Exteroceptors
Respond to stimuli from the external environment.
Enteroceptors
Respond to stimuli from the internal environment.
Proprioceptors
Respond to tension within tendons and muscles.
Sensory receptors
Monitor changes in either the external/internal environment.
How do neurones communicate?
By means of an electrical signal called the action potential.
Action Potential
A chemical disturbance that is carried along the surface membrane of the axon.
Depolarisation
Action potential increasing
Repolarisation
Action potential decreasing.
Refractory Period
returning to the resting potential. (Less atp is used)
