Classification & Genetic Diversity (Miss Reynolds)

Question 1

Genetic Diversity

Answer 1

The number of different alleles of a gene in a population.

Question 2

Natural Selection

Answer 2

Individuals of a population that are best suited to their environment survive + reproduce. The beneficial alleles are most likely to pass on to the next generation.

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

Change in allele frequency over time.

Question 4

Why does variation of alleles exist?

Answer 4

As a result of mutation.

Question 5

What are the three ways adaptations can be described?

Answer 5

Anatomical, physcological and behavioural.

Question 6

Antibiotic Resistance

Answer 6

When an antibiotic no longer has an effect on a certain strain of bacteria.

Question 7

Adaptation

Answer 7

Organisms adjust to suit the changing environment by natural selection.

Question 8

What does conjugation allow?

Answer 8

Genes for antibiotic resistance and other characteristics to be exchanged by horizontal gene transfer.

Question 9

Is conjugation a form of sexual reproduction?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What are the two ways diversity in bacteria occur?

Answer 10

Mutations and conjugation.

Question 11

Antibiotic

Answer 11

A substance produced by a living organism that destroys or inhibits growth or microorganisms.

Question 12

How is antibiotic resistance passed?

Answer 12

Both vertically and horizontally.

Question 13

Vertical evolution

Answer 13

From one generation to the next.

Question 14

Horizontal evolution

Answer 14

Via conjugation and exchange of plasmids.

Question 15

Classification

Answer 15

Organising living organisms into groups.

Question 16

How many living organisms exist we know of?

Answer 16

About 1.8 million.

Question 17

Artificial Classification

Answer 17

Divides organisms by physical characteristics such as size.

Question 18

Phylogenic Classification

Answer 18

Based upon the evolutionary relationships, classifies using shared features derived from ancestors.

Question 19

Phylogeny

Answer 19

Evolutionary relationship between organisms.

Question 20

Directional Selection

Answer 20

Selection away from the mean often due to an environmental change.

Question 21

Stabilising Selection

Answer 21

Selection towards the mean, increases survival chances.

Question 22

Species

Answer 22

Two organisms belong to the same species if they are able to reproduce and have fertile offspring.

Question 23

Courtship Behaviour

Answer 23

A necessary precursor to successful mating, allows for species recognition.