stimulants

Question 1

methylxanthines

Answer 1

naturally occurring alkaloids

Question 2

caffeine ADME

Answer 2

oral absorption (30mins)
crosses BBB
crosses placenta
hepatic (CYP1A2)

Question 3

caffeine MOA

Answer 3

adenosine receptor antagonist

adenosine = inhibitory NT

increase NT release

Question 4

caffeine effects

Answer 4

increases alertness
vasoconstriction
inhibits allergic histamine release

Question 5

caffeine dependence

Answer 5

withdrawal: headache, fatigue, impaired psychomotor performance, depression

Question 6

caffeine use

Answer 6

headache

neonatal apnea

Question 7

caffeine Rx interactions

Answer 7

quinolone ABX

inhibits metabolism of antipsychotics

Question 8

amphetamine

Answer 8

50:50 d and l amphetamine

Question 9

destroamphetamine

Answer 9

d amphetamine

Question 10

methamphetamine

Answer 10

amphetamine + methyl group

Question 11

amphetamine ADME

Answer 11

oral absorption (1-3hr)
crosses placenta
crosses BBB
hepatic metabolism

Question 12

amphetamine MOA

Answer 12

release NE and DA through exchange diffusion

Question 13

amphetamine effects

Answer 13

low dose: wakefulness
high dose: stereotypy
cardiac stimulation

Question 14

amphetamine dependence

Answer 14

tolerance builds rapidly

withdrawal is not life threatening

Question 15

amphetamine use

Answer 15

ADHD
narcolepsy

ineffective for long-term weight loss

Question 16

amphetamine SE

Answer 16

chronic use: paranoid psychosis

arteritis obliterans

Question 17

amphetamine Rx interactions

Answer 17

MAO inhibitors

tricyclic antidepressants

Question 18

methylphenidate ADME

Answer 18

oral absorption (1-3hrs)
crosses placenta
hepatic metabolism

Question 19

methylphenidate MOA

Answer 19

blocks DA reuptake

Question 20

methylphenidate use

Answer 20

ADHD

narcolepsy

Question 21

methylphenidate SE

Answer 21

few CV effects

Question 22

methylphenidate Rx interactions

Answer 22

MAO inhibitors

tricyclic antidepressants

Question 23

methylphenidate BBB

Answer 23

chronic use leads to dependence
psychotic episodes can occur
withdrawal: severe depression

Question 24

atomoxetine MOA

Answer 24

blocks NE reuptake

Question 25

atomoxetine use

Answer 25

ADHD

Question 26

cocaine

Answer 26

natural plant alkaloid

Question 27

cocaine ADME

Answer 27

IV/smoking initially goes to brain redistributes throughout body metabolized by plasma esterases

Question 28

cocaine MOA

Answer 28

blocks NE, DA, and 5HT reuptake | blocks Na+ channels

Question 29

cocaine effects

Answer 29

vasoconstriction

Question 30

cocaine dependence

Answer 30

psychological physical not life threatening

Question 31

cocaine use

Answer 31

local anesthetic

Question 32

cocaine SE

Answer 32

``` OD: fatal paranoid psychosis arrhythmias, cardiac arrest bowel ischemia reduce fetal bloodflow ```