benzodiazepines Flashcards
benzodiazepines ADME
oral absorption crosses BBB crosses placenta oxidation > active metabolites conjugation > inactive metabolites
lorazepam
IM absorption
inactive metabolite
diazepam
active metabolite
long acting - accumulation
chlordiazepoxide
active metabolite
long acting - accumulation
clonzepam
active metabolite
long acting - accumulation
midazolam
short halflife
use: conscious anesthesia, induction of anesthesia
oxazepam
inactive metabolite
temazepam
inactive metabolite
benzodiazepine MOA
bind GABA-A receptors
increase frequency of channel opening
benzodiazepine effects
antianxiety sedation sleep muscle relaxant anticonvulsant CNS depression not analgesic
benzodiazepine dependence
psychological
physical
withdrawal/abstinence syndrome
benzodiazepine use
anxiety sedation muscle relaxation seizure disorders ethanol withdrawal
benzodiazepine SE
sedation confusional states in elderly anterograde amnesia can't drive OD: fatal (Tx: flumazenil)
benzodiazepine Rx interactions
ethanol or CNS depressants
buspirone
partial 5HT1 receptor agonist
buspirone effect
long latency
no sedation
Tx psychological Sx
MAO inhibitors use
panic attacks
b-adrenergic blockers (propanolol, atenolol)
suppress autonomic manifestations of anxiety
performance anxiety
stage fright
