STI /UTI/RTI Flashcards
What is a UTI ?
Infeciton of the urinary tract. Can be lower (bladder,urether) or Upper (Kidney)
Common cause of them ?
E.coli from GI tract
Symptoms ?
Pain urinating (Dysuria), frequent urination, Strong smelling urine
First line Antibiotics for mild/uncomplicated UTI’s ?
100mg BD Nitrofurantoin 7 days (men) 3 days (women)
OR
200mg BD Trimethoprim 7 days (Men) 3 days (Women)
What is Pyelonephritis and how is it treated ?
Upper UTI (kidney) infection.
Co-trimoxazole 960mg BD 7-10 days ( NO in pregnancy)
Cefalexin 1g TDS 7-10 days
Ciprofaxcin 500mg BD 7 days
What is Urosepsis ?
When Bacteria from UTI enters Bloodstream. Causes systematic inflammation + organ dysfunciton
How is Urosepsis clinically managed ?
IV
- Gentamicin
- Piperacillin-tazobactam OR Meropenem for penicillin allergies.
Why are Elder patiets classed as ‘Special Patient groups’ for UTI’s
- Higher risk of confusion & falls
- Always treated as COMPLICATED UTI’s
How are UTI’s treated in Pregnancy ?
Nitrofurantoin 100mg BD.
Fine to use 1st & 2nd Trimester but AVOID near term
What are STI’s ?
Infection spread through Sexual contact
Most common ?
Chlamidya
How is chlamydia diagnosed?
Women: Vaginal swab or first-catch urine (FCU).
Men: First-catch urine or URETHRAL swab.
Diagnosis is confirmed using NAATs (nucleic acid amplification tests).
What first-line treatments for chlamydia?
Doxycycline: 100mg twice daily for 7 days
For preggers women : Amoxicillin, Azithromycin
2nd most common STI ?
Gonorrhoea
Common symptoms ?
More severe Discharge, Pain urinating (dysuria)
Treatment ?
Ceftriaxone 1g IM single dose
What is Syphillis and how is it transmitted ?
Caused by spirochete bacterium Treponema Pallidum Transmitted through direct contact with infectious areas of tissue.
First line treatment ?
Benzathine Benzylpenicillin IM
What are respiratory tract infections ?
Infections affecting respiratory system
Which Influenza types are responsible for seasonal Epidemics ?
A & B
C does not. D mainly effects cows
First line treatment for Severe COVID 19 requiring Oxygen ?
Dexamethasone
Which symptom most associated with Active pulmonary TB ?
Chronic cough
What are two ways to diagnose Influenza ?
- PCR tests of throat swabs
- Nucleic acid Amplification test (NAAT)
What is First line treatment for Pulmonary TB ?
First 2 months = Rifampicin, Isoniazid,
Next 4 = Rifampicin, Isoniazid,
