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Reproductive system > STI's > Flashcards

STI's Flashcards

1
Q

what pathogen causes gonorrhoea?

A

neisseria gonorrhoeae

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2
Q

what pathogen causes chancroid?

A

haemophilus ducreyi

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3
Q

what pathogen causes syphyllis ?

A

treponema pallidum

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4
Q

what pathogen is responsible for genital warts?

A

human papilloma virus types 6 & 11

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5
Q

what pathogen is responsible for causing scabies?

A

sarcoptes scabeii

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6
Q

what pathogen is responsible for causing pubic lice?

A

pthirus pubis

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7
Q

what sort of questions would you ask in sexual history of a patient that presents with suspected STI?

A 
when did you last have sexual contact?
casual contact or regular partner?
were they male or female?
ask aboutt nature of the sex
did you use condoms?
did you use any other contraception?
nationality of contact
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8
Q

what are the symptoms of gonorrhoea in males and females?

A

males: 10% asymptomatic
thick, profuse hello discharge & dysuria

females: 50% asymptomatic
vaginal discharge, dysuria, intermenstrual or pot coital bleeding

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9
Q

what are the complications of gonorrhoea in males and females?

A

males: epididymitis
females: pelvic inflammatory disease
both: acute mono arthritis in elbows and shoulder. disseminated gonococcal infection.

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10
Q

how is gonorrhoea investigated/diagnosed?

A

nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) on urine or swab

gram stained smear from urethra/cervix/rectum in symptomatic patients

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11
Q

what is the treatment for gonorrhoea?

A

ceftriaxone 1g intramuscular (im)

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12
Q

what pathogen causes chlamydia?

A

chlamydia trachomatis

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13
Q

what is the presentation of chlamydia in males and females?

A

males: > 70% asymptomatic
slight watery discharge, dysuria

females: >80% asymptomatic
vaginal discharge, dysuria, intermenstrual bleeding/post-coital bleeding

both: conjunctivitis

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14
Q

what are the complications of chlamydia in males and females?

A

males: epididymitis
females: pelvic inflammatory disease
both: reactive arthritis/Reiter’s syndrome - urethritis/cervicitis + conjunctivitis + arthritis

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15
Q

how is chlamydia diagnosed?

A

nucleic acid amplification test:
first void urine in males
or swab from cervix, urethra, rectum

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16
Q

how is chlamydia treated?

A

doxycycline

azithromycin

17
Q

what is the presentation herpes virus in males and females?

A 
80% no symptoms 
burning/itching - blistering - tender ulceration
tender inguinal lymphadenopathy 
flu like symptoms
dysuria
neuralgic pain in back, pelvis and legs
18
Q

what are the complications from herpes infection?

A

autonomic neuropathy
neonatal infection
secondary infection

19
Q

how is herpes virus diagnosed?

A

swab from infected site - PCR

20
Q

what is the treatment for primary outbreak of herpes virus?

A

acyclovir

21
Q

what is trichomoniasis caused by?

A

trichomonas vaginalis

22
Q

what are the symptoms of trichomiasis?

A

men - asymptomatic

females - 10-30% asymptomatic

  • profuse discharge: greenish, frothy and foul smelling
  • vulvitis
23
Q

what are the complications of trichomoniasis?

A

miscarriage

pre term labour

24
Q

how is trichomoniasis diagnosed?

A

PCR on vaginal swab

25
Q

how is trichomoniasis treated ?

A

metronidazole

26
Q

how is anogenital warts diagnosed?

A

ecamination

biopsy if unsual to exclude intraepithelial neoplasia

27
Q

what is the treatment for anogenital warts?

A

podophyllotoxin
imiquimod
cryotherapy

28
Q

what are the complications of syphyllis?

A

neurosyphyllis - CN palsies, cardiac or aortal involvement

29
Q

how is syphyllis diagnosed?

A

PCR

serology for treponema IgE

30
Q

how is syphillis treated?

A

penicillin
or
doxycycline

31
Q

a patient presents with burning and itching of the genital area which has developed into a blister. they also feel generally unwell. they mention they have had unprotected sex.
what do you suspect?
what investigation would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

herpes simplex virus
PCR
aciclovir

32
Q

a patient presents with vaginal discharge, dysuria and conjunctivitis. they mention they have had unprotected sex.
what do you suspect?
what investigation would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

chlamydia
NAAT, gram stain of vaginal swab
doxycycline or azithromycin

33
Q

a male patient presents with thick green discharge from his penis and dysuria. he mentions he has had unprotected sex.
what do you suspect?
what investigation would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

gonorrhoea
NAAT
1g im ceftriaxone

34
Q

a female patient presents with green, very smelly vaginal discharge. she mentions she has had unprotected sex.
on examination you suspect she has vulvitis.
what is the diagnosis?
what investigation would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

trichomonas vaginalis
PCR of vaginal swab
metronidazole

35
Q

a female patient presents with grey, fishy smelling discharge and itchy genitals.
what do you suspect?
what investigation would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

bacterial vaginosis
clinical examination, gram stain
metronidazole or clindamycin

36
Q

a female patient presents with itchiness and white, thick discharge she describes as cottage cheese like. she has no other symptoms.
what do you suspect?
what investigations would you carry out?
what treatment would you give?

A

vulvovaginalis candidosis (thrush)
clinical examination, gram stain, culture
fluconazole or metronidazole

37
Q

what bacterial infection is epididymitis often associated with/ the cause of?

A

bacterial orchitis caused by STI

38
Q

what is orchitis?

A

inflammation of one or both of the testes due to bacterial or viral infection
usually due to or associated with epididymitis, most commonly as a result of an STI

Reproductive system (31 decks)

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