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Wellness > STH 243 Maintenance & Care of The Home > Flashcards

STH 243 Maintenance & Care of The Home Flashcards

1
Q

Maint & Care of the Home Involves the use of

A

cleaning equip & tools, agents & mat., care of diff part &surfaces of the home

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2
Q

Cleaning equip & tools are

A

Mech. Tools: broom, brush, bucket, mop
Electric equip : vacuum cleaner, electric floor polisher

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3
Q

Cleaning agents include

A

Solvents
Detergent
Abrasive, Alkali & Acid
Bleach
Polish
Wax
Enzyme cleaners

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4
Q

Solvents are

A

substances that act to remove dirt/soil by liquefying it & holding it in suspension eg water & grease solvents

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5
Q

Water is

A

Most common solvents.
Loosens/dissolve dust particles readily.

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6
Q

Grease solvents are

A

organic solvents eg spirit, benzene, turpentine, paraffin
Act by dissolving grease, evaporating it & carrying it along with them.
Are highly inflammable

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7
Q

Soap & Syn det. :

A

Emulsify grease & washes way dirt held.
Syn det. dissolve oil & greasy dirt readily & doesn’t form scum in hard water

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8
Q

Abrasives are

A

Abr. cleaners act by rubbing off/wearing away/ abrading dirt/soil by friction.
Eg steel,wool, copper sponges, glass &sand paper etc
Soap, alkali & bleaches are added to scouring powder to increase it’s cleaning power

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9
Q

Alkali :

A

Combines readily with greasy diet & reduce the amount of time needed for rubbing off dirt
May damage mat. with an oil base eg paint & linoleum
Can affect dyes & colours also

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10
Q

Utilities are

A

things that are useful for carrying out imp. operations in the home and contribute to survival of the family.

They are consumed in the process of home mgt & include: Water, electricity, household fuel & Info. Comm. Tech such as Telephone Services.

They are exp.& the family has to prepare for them

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11
Q

Sources of Water

A

Natural & Treated water

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12
Q

Natural Sources of Water

A

Rain, Spring, Well,River & Lake water & Sea water

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13
Q

Treated water

A

Pipe-borne water

Bottled water manufacturing plants

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14
Q

User of Water in the Home

A

Bathing
Drinking
Cleaning
Cooking
Ironing
Laundering
Washing Up
Toilet
Dry Season gardening
In case of Fires

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15
Q

Explain the water filter

A

Can be made of Al/ porcelain

Upper compartment- where unfiltered water is poured

Candle porous structure - filters d watet, attached to d upper compartment.

Lower compartment- filler water runs into.

Filter lid/cover.

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16
Q

Water Storage Facilities

A

Clay Water Pot

Plastic Water Container

Bottles

Water Tank

17
Q

Points to consider in choosing w. storage facilities

A

Size of the family
Space for it
Money available
Should be washable, rust free, have a good lid cover, not leak, inside & outside of d facility should be clean with a smooth surface.

18
Q

Clean and care of the water pot

A

Clay pot is been used for ages, keeps water cool , can be in different shape & sizes. Can also be painted.

Care

• Provide a suitable stand & lid for it.
• Reserve a clean stout piece of Nigerian sponge for cleaning the pot.
• Wash it twice a week, with the inside & outside. Don’t need a sponge
• Can be sterilized by putting it on open fire for 15-30 mins after scrubbing.

19
Q

Water tank & Care

A

Very large. Up to 50 - 100 liters. Used to be Al or made with other metals coated with Al.

Now, there is plastic tanks. Coated with anti rusting chemicals, the inside do not need to be painted.

CARE
• Have a good kid/cover, Tao and stand.
• Not placed directly on the ground.
• Washed thoroughly at least twice a year.
• Inside should be painted at least once a year.

20
Q

Explain hardness of water

A

Hard water does not form lather readily with soap due to a no of dissolved salts of Ca & Mg and other variety of metal.

Hard water forms scum with soap

21
Q

Temporary hardness of water is caused by:

A

Bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium.

Ca(HCO3)2& Mg(HCO3)2

22
Q

Electricity can be generated thru:

A

Chemical changes

Solar, Heat Energy

Large Scale generators

23
Q

Wet Cell Battery & Dry Cell Battery is

A

E.g Car Battery.

Consist of metal plates coated with oxide of lead dipped into a container of sulphuric acid.

Dry Cell Battery eg Torch light/flash light.
Consult of zinc containers filled with a damp paste of AlCl & MgO2, surrounds a carbon rod

24
Q

How does large scale gen produces electricity?

A

By movement of insulated coils of wire in a magnetic field produced by agents.

This process converts mech. eng to electrical eng.

25
Q

How Electricity is produced in Nigeria & Transferred to Homes

A

In gen. stations, turbines driven by water power, move magnets in & out of coils.

In Nigeria, large generator is needed to produce large scale of electricity.

Transformer converts this electric voltage/pressure to the correct value insub stations and homes.

26
Q

How Electricity flows from Gen. to a House

A

Some houses have gen. to supply them with electricity perm. or when there is power failure.

Electricity is connected to a house after it has been wired with electricity cable/flex

• This cable has three set of wires; each enclosed in a coloured plastic covering & then bound into a rubber together, which is an insulated cover.

• Each of them have diff. functions & can be diff. from the color of their cover.

  • Green & yellow bound cable is the earth, earth device to prevent electric shocks
  • Brown colored cable is the the live
  • Blue colored cable is the neutral.

• Electricity flows along the brown & blue cable, btw the gen. & appliance and back again.

27
Q

AC electricity

A

is one that d current rapidly reverses its direction of flow many times in a second

28
Q

Electricity is

A

the flow of electric power or charge.

It is Botha basic part of nature & one of the mostly widely used forms of energy.

Is an important form of energy & it provides us with light, heat and power.

Examples of electrically operated appliances.

29
Q

An electric circuit is the

A

path of flow of electricity / e. current from the +ve to - ve terminal/ends of an electric supply system

Consist of:
• source of electricity
• Switch, causes el. to flow through d circuit
• Bulb, manifest the flow of electricity by lighting up

30
Q

Current is the

A

rate of flow of electric charge round a circuit. It is merely d flow of moving charges/electrons

31
Q

P.d is

A

the work done when unit charge (C) moves form one point to another in d circuit.

Is kind of electric pressure diff btw 2 points in a circuit.

The unit of p.d is volt.

32
Q

Volt is the

A

unit of force (emf) that moves the electrons which flow from one point to the other in an electric circuit.

33
Q

One ohms is

A
34
Q

Resistance is a

A

measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current in an electric circuit.

35
Q

One ohms is

A

the electrical resistance offered by d resistor when a p.d of 1 volt makes a current of 1 amp flow through it.

Wellness (10 decks)

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