Steven's Steroid Hormones Flashcards
who developed the first patent for the birth control pil?
Carl Djerassi
why does Norgestrel, levonorgestrel have less androgenic SEs?
it has an ethyl group at C13
what is etonogestrel?
the active metabolite of desogestrel
DHEA and androstenedione must be converted into _______ and _______ to exhibit androgenic activity
testosterone, 5a-DHT
DHEA is converted into epitestosterone via?
what about into testosterone?
Testosterone is converted to androsterone via?
what about androstenedione?
androstenedione is converted to epiandrosterone via?
what about etiocholanolone?
EPI: 3B-HSD -> 17a-HSD
T: 3B-HSD -> 17B-HSD
5a-reductase -> 3a-HSD -> 17B-HSD
17B-HSD
5a-reductase -> 3B-HSD
5B-reductase -> 3a-HSD
**both epis have same alpha/beta enzyme conversions
how are we able to detect if athletes are doping?
based on the ratio of epi-T to T. normal T/E ratios are about 1, but in doping T can be 6x or more higher
anabolic androgenic steroids are approved to treat ____________ in women. They can treat libido, mood, and vasomotor sx in ____________ women
breast cancer
postmenopausal
pharmaceutical testosterone/DHEA have lower ____________ ratio than mammalian androgens because plant enzymes discriminate against _______
13C/12C, 13C
why is nandrolone no longer a primary tx for certain anemias?
b/c of the development of erythropoietin
Stanozolol:
use?
prophylactically for hereditary angioedema
Oxandrolone:
use?
after weight loss surgery and relieve bone pain from osteoporosis
Danazol:
MoA?
use?
major metabolite?
binds to and decreases SHBG, resulting in increased free T. also inhibits FSH and LH production
reduces endometrial tissue to treat endometriosis
2-hydroxymethyl ethisterone
finasteride is a ______ inhibitor of ________ and forms a _______ complex.
irreversible, 5a-reductase, finasteride-NADPH
in T, the enolate picks up a proton from B-H. in Finasteride, the enolate cannot be neutralized by B-H, but forms a ______ adduct with ________
Michael, NADP+
what does type I 5a-reductase do?
Given this mechanism, finasteride should not be co-administered with progesterone in a female epileptic pt b/c it can exacerbate seizures
converts progesterone into 5a-dihydroprogesterone. then 3a-HSD catalyzes it into 3a,5a-tetrahydroprogesterone, a potent positive modulator of the GABA-A R (an inhibitory NT that prevents neuronal firing)
