Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IDT Spring > Anti-Obesity Agents > Flashcards

Anti-Obesity Agents Flashcards

1
Q

which artificial sweetener is 300-fold sweeter than sucrose and caused bladder cancer in rats due to micro-crystals which do not develop in humans?

A

Saccharin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which artificial sweetener is 30-50 fold sweeter than sucrose and was banned by the FDA due to concerns over bladder cancer?

A

Cyclamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which artificial sweetener is 200-fold sweeter than sucrose and is a methylated dipeptide?

A

Aspartame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which artificial sweetener has a phenylalanine metabolite that can harm pts with phenylketouria?

A

Aspartame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which which artificial sweetener is 7,000-13,000 fold sweeter than sucrose and is not used in foods and has negligible effect on PKU pts?

A

Neotame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which artificial sweetener is 200-fold sweeter than sucrose, is not metabolized, is used in beverages, and is combined with other sweeteners due to bitter aftertaste?

A

Acesulfame-K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which artificial sweetener is 600-fold sweeter than sucrose and is a chlorinated derivative of sucrose?

A

Sucralose (splenda)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which artificial sweetener is 200-fold sweeter than sucrose and has two different formulations depending on the number of methyl groups attached to glucose on the structure?

A

Stevia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which artificial sweetener is the same sweetness as glucose, but 40% fewer calories and is a polyol structure?

A

Xylitol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what drug is labeled as a fatty acid substitution that has a structure of sucrose esterified with stearic acid?

A

Olestra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which drug can cause hypovitaminosis and why?

A

Olestra because fat soluble vitamins need fat to be properly absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drug is an irreversible inhibitor of pancreatic lipase?

A

Orlistat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what anti-obesity drug has interactions with cyclosporine, levothyroxine, warfarin, and fat soluble vitamins?

A

Orlistat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 2 brand names for Orlistat?
why does it not have systemic SEs?
what SEs does it have?
what is the dosing?

A

Alli and Xenical
it is not absorbed
GI-related: oily stools, cramps and flatulence
Alli: 60mg tid with fat-containing meals
Xenical: 120mg tid with fat-containing meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anorexiants are only used for people with a BMI over?
Length of therapy should be?

A

30
less than 12 weeks, and not to exceed 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which drug is a schedule IV that with continued use can lead to tolerance and rebound weight gain?

A

Phentermine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug is phentermine combined with?

A

Topiramate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what drug was withdrawn from the market due to concerns over heart valve disease?

A

Fenfluramine

19
Q

what is the MoA of Sibutramine?
why was it withdrawn?

A

inhibit NT reuptake and stimulation of thermogenesis by activating B3 in adipose tissue
concerns of CVD

20
Q

why was Lorcaserin removed from the market?

A

increased risk of cancer

21
Q

what is the name of the first CB1 receptor blocker?
why was it removed from market?

A

Rimonabant
concerns of increased risk of suicide

22
Q

what are the functions of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

A

increase insulin secretion
inhibit gastric acid secretion and emptying
increase satiety by acting on CNS

23
Q

Liraglutide:
how was it formulated to be long-acting?

A

The lysine attached to liraglutide had palmitic acid attached to it using a Glutamine in between

24
Q

which GLP-1 is not yet approved for obesity?

A

Exenatide

25
Q

what is the brand name of Semaglutide that is approved for obesity?
How is it dosed and why?

A

Wegovy
once weekly due it it’s longer half-life

26
Q

which drug had a BBW for increased risk of toe and foot amputations that was removed in 2020?

A

Canagliflozin

27
Q

what is Xigduo XR?

A

a combo product of dapagliflozin and metformin

28
Q

what is the MoA of 2,4-Dinitrophenol?

A

causes energy from B-oxidation to be converted to heat instead of ATP… NEVER APPROVED

29
Q

what is Dr. Stevens proposed drug that induces thermogenesis?

A

Xanthohumol Pyrazole Derivative

30
Q

pts with uncontrolled HPT or history of heart disease should not use which two meds?

A

phentermine and diethylpropion

31
Q

pts w/ T2DM who are overweight should be prescribed what drug classes for weight loss in addition to metformin?

A

GLP-1 and SGLT-2 inhibitors

32
Q

women overweight with comorbidities who need contraception should use what kind?

A

oral

33
Q

what drug class should be avoided in pts with chronic inflammatory diseases due to causing weight gain?

A

corticosteroids

34
Q

what are drug-induced causes of obesity?

A

TCAs
oral contraceptives
antipsychs
anticonvulsants
glucocorticoids
sulfonylureas
glitazones
B blockers

35
Q

what defect of the thyroid can cause weight gain?

A

hypothyroidism

36
Q

if a med shows weight loss of less than ____ after 3 months, it should be discontinued

A

5%

37
Q

ziprasidone causes ____ weight gain compared to olanzapine

A

less

38
Q

which anti-epileptic drugs are associated with weight loss?

A

felbamate
topiramate
zonisamide

39
Q

which anti-epileptic drugs are associated with weight gain?

A

gabapentin
pregabalin
valproic acid
vigabatrin
carbamazepine

40
Q

which anti-epileptic drugs are weight-neutral?

A

lamotrigine
levetiracetam
phenytoin

41
Q

valproic acid has shown to cause weight _____

A

gain

42
Q

which drug is the most commonly prescribed drug for weight loss and is often used off label?

A

Phentermine

43
Q

When is long term prescribing of phentermine considered reasonable?

A

-no evidence of CVD
-no psych disease or substance abuse
-pt aware that phentermine long term use is off label
-no significant increase in pulse or BP
-significant weight loss occurs

IDT Spring (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions