Steroids Flashcards
T/F: Steroids are chemical messengers that transport signals intracellularly, having a distinct 4 ring, 17 C structure, and are derived from cholesterol precursor.
True
What are the classes of steroids?
Glucocorticoids, Mineralcorticoids, Androgens and Vitamin D.
Where are steroids produced in the body?
Steroids are produced in the outer (cortex) of the adrenal gland.
T/F: Glucocorticoids main function in the body is homeostasis regulation.
True. The functions of the different classes of steroids are as follows;
GLUCOCORTICOIDS–>Homeostasis regulation
MINERALOCORTICOIDS–>Fluid & electrolyte balance–> control blood pressure
ANDROGENS–>Secondary sexual characteristics
What is the most commonly prescribed oral steroid?
Prednisone
T/F: The potency of steroid drugs is given in relative to hydrocortisone (20mg of hydrocortisone having potency of 1).
True.
When are cortisol levels highest in the body?
In the morning, 8A.M.
How do steroids act?
- steroids act early in the inflammatory pathway. They induce a protein Lipocortin/lipomodulin. Lipomodulin then inhibits activity of phospholipase 2 and block all three pathways.
- so in this manner steroids act INDIRECTLY in the inflammatory-pathway.
What happens when you suddenly discontinue steroid therapy?
Abrupt discontinuation of steroid therapy results in a dramatic axis upregulation due to the suddenly low circulating levels.
T/F: Corticosteroid therapy suppresses the HPA Axis.
True
T/F: Steroids are anti-inflammatory.
True
T/F: Topical formulation is the most common form of steroid used in eye care
True.
What are the general adverse reactions of steroids?
Increased hunger, Mental instability, Muscle fatigue, Blurred vision, Hair pattern changes, Easy bruising, Acne, Osteoporosis, Swelling, Xanthomas(yellow patch on skin), Diabetic complications, Peptic ulceration, Hypertension, Mood changes, Delayed wound healing, Adrenal insufficiency, Growth inhibition, Immunosuppression
Cushing’s syndrome
T/F: Cushing’s syndrome is most commonly iatrogenic adverse reaction of steroids.
True.
What are the systemic contraindications to steroids?
Active viral infection TB Fungal infection Immunosuppression Peptic ulcer Osteoporosis Psychosis Pregnancy
