Ocular Supplements Flashcards
Which vitamins have potential to reduce cataract progression?
Vitamin E and C
T/F: According to AREDS2 Lutein & Zeaxanthin
supplements are beneficial in reducing cataract development by 32%.
True
Which supplement has neuroprotective role thru its ability to improve cerebral blood flow?
GINKGO BILOBA
Which supplements can be used for dry eyes?
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin A
Is AMD genetically heritable?
Yes, AMD is about 46-71% hereditary
*responsiveness to AREDS supplement depends on AMD risk alleles
T/F: 50% OF AMERICANS TAKE SUPPLEMENTS
Ture.
What risk does Vitamin C supplements have?
Risk of blood thinning effects.
Vitamin E deficiency causes which eye condition?
Ophthalmoplegia
*an EOM palsy (paresis or plegia) that occurs in patients lacking apolipoprotein B that is req’d for intestinal absorption of lipids
What is the risk of Vitamin E supplements in men?
Risk of prostate cancer
T/F: Vit C toxicity associated with papilledema.
False. Vitamin A toxicity associated with papilledema.
What is the function of Lutein & Zeaxanthin in the human retina?
Filter harmful blue light
T/F: Omega-3 FAs have blood thinner/bleeding risk.
True. This is due to Omega-3s anti-inflammatory effects.
T/F: With Vitamin E there is a risk of Platelet inhibition at high doses (>1000mg).
True
Taking high doses of which vitamin is associated with reported risk of cancer in (former) smokers and alcoholics ?
Vit A
Which vitamin has toxicity associated with papilledema?
Vit A
Name the three vitamin antioxidants.
“ACE” = Vitamins A, C and E
You can have decreased copper (or copper deficiency) if you are taking which other mineral?
Zinc
Which mineral has a deficiency that mimics Vit A deficiency due to its involvement in the conversion of Retinol -> Retinal?
Zinc
Which mineral is important for MAO formation?
Copper
Where is the concentration of Zeaxanthin highest in the macula compared to Lutein?
Zeaxanthin is predominantly found in macula lutea, and lutein is distributed more peripherally.
T?F: Short chain omega fatty acids are more bioavailable.
False.
*Long chain omega fatty acids are more bioavailable.
Place theses formulations of omegas from the highest bioavalability to least bioavalability.
Fish Body oil, Ethyl Esters, Free Fatty Acids and Triglyceride (glyceryl) esters.
Most bioavailable to least bioavailable:
Triglyceride (glyceryl) esters > Fish Body Oil > Free Fatty Acid > Ethyl Esters
What are the risk factors for AMD?
Smoking Ultraviolet Light Poor Diet Light Eyes Aging Family History Ethnicity Co-morbidities: HTN, obesity
What were the results of AREDS1 study?
Supplementation reduced the rate of advanced AMD in people at high risk by 25% over 6 years
