Stereotyping, Prejudice and Discrimination Flashcards
What is defined as ‘a shared belief about the characteristics of those who belong to a particular social or physical category’?
Stereotype
What is discrimination?
Treating people unfavourably on the basis of their membership of a particular group
Who developed the F-scale as part of their research interviewing hundreds of Nazi soldiers?
Adorno et al
What type of personality is characterised by: Being hostile to those of inferior status Being fairly rigid in opinions Being unwilling to accept new ideas?
Authoritarian
What is self-esteem?
How we think and feel about ourselves
What is self-image?
How you see yourself and how you believe others see you
True or false: social identity is our sense of belonging in the world
True
Who conducted the Robbers Cave study in 1961?
Sherif et al
How many participants took part in the Robbers Cave study?
22 12-year old boys
How was hostility finally eliminated in the Robbers Cave study?
The boys had to work together to achieve goals that could not be completed by one group alone
Who devised the jigsaw technique in 1978 as a way of reducing prejudice?
Aronson et al
How did Elliott (1977) teach children about prejudice?
She divided children into two groups—blue eyed and brown eyed. On day one the brown eyed children were told they were superior and on day two it was reversed. On day three she explained she wanted them to know what it was like to be judged
What did Elliott find when she contacted students of her 1977 study at 18 years old?
They were more tolerant of differences between groups and more opposed to prejudice than a control group
What are in-groups and out-groups?
The division of people into two groups: the in-group is the group to which we belong. The out-group is the others.
Was Aronson’s jigsaw technique sufficient to change attitudes outside of the class?
No. New perceptions were not generalised outside the class.
