stereotype activation and application

Question 1

what are basic social categories

Answer 1

information which is easily observable for categorisation e.g. gender and race

Question 2

what is intersectionality

Answer 2

People belong to more than one basic categories at once

Question 3

name 3 bottom up influences on categorisation

Answer 3

prototypicality
body cues
ambiguous faces

Question 4

what is prototypicality

Answer 4

extent to which physical features match basic social category

Question 5

what are body cues

Answer 5

body size and motion provide cues about group membership

Question 6

what are ambiguous faces

Answer 6

when cues are ambiguous, categorisation is slower

Question 7

what are top down influences on categorisation

Answer 7

Based on prior knowledge and expectations about interactions

Question 8

name 3 types of top down influences on categorisation

Answer 8

stereotypes
situational influences
prejudiced attitudes

Question 9

explain stereotypes

Answer 9

impressions of groups by associating groups with particular characteristics

Question 10

explain situational influences

Answer 10

focus on what makes another person look “different” may shift across contexts

Question 11

explain prejudiced attitudes

Answer 11

pay more attention to characteristics consistent with their stereotypical beliefs

Question 12

name 4 origins of stereotypes

Answer 12

Parents
Peers
Media
Role models

Question 13

what is social role theory

Answer 13

People observe the social roles others occupy

Question 14

define correspondence bias

Answer 14

tendency to assume behaviours are due to personality, not external or situational factors

Question 15

what are illusory correlations

Answer 15

Overestimate the relationship between two categories when undesirable information stands out

Question 16

how does the media influence stereotypes

Answer 16

Exposes us to members of majority groups more than minority groups
The more media people are exposed to, the more they hold stereotypic beliefs

Question 17

example of media influencing stereotypes

Answer 17

Women typically shown in the home and men typically shown in professional roles

Question 18

define stereotype knowledge

Answer 18

Extent to which a person is familiar with the content of a stereotype

Question 19

define stereotype endorsement

Answer 19

Extent to which someone personally believes societal stereotypes accurately describes a group

Question 20

define stereotype activation

Answer 20

Extent to which a stereotype is accessible in one’s mind

Question 21

define stereotype application

Answer 21

Extent to which one uses a stereotype to judge an individual
Can be inhibited if motivated enough for self-control

Question 22

define automaticity

Answer 22

Activation of stereotypes follows categorisation

Question 23

how does timing facilitate activation

Answer 23

when pressed for time we tend to rely on stereotypes

Question 24

what are intersectional identities

Answer 24

People with intersectional identities are less likely to be recognised as a prototypical member of either identity

Question 25

advantages of intersectional identities

Answer 25

Stereotypes that are not activated are not used

Question 26

disadvantages of intersectional identities

Answer 26

People who are not seen are often not heard
People often more worries about experiencing discrimination

Question 27

why is working memory important in stereotypes

Answer 27

Lack of space in working memory disrupts stereotype activation
Working memory has limited capacity