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2 social psych > Social neuroscience > Flashcards

Social neuroscience Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an issue with only studying behaviour

A

having to make assumptions about underlying processes
-self-reports contain social desirability issues

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2
Q

what is TMS

A

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

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3
Q

how does TMS work

A

Uses a magnetic coil to induce voltage - can deactivate areas of the cortex

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4
Q

what can TMS do

A

Clarifies roles of areas of the cortex in addiction

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5
Q

what is TDS

A

Transcranial direct stimulation

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6
Q

how does TDS work

A

Cathode decreases activity in one brain area, and anode adds activity to specific area

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7
Q

what can TDS do

A

Can boost memory, focus, energy and vigilance

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8
Q

what is MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

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9
Q

how does MRI work

A

Measure the radio frequency waves by hydrogen atoms when they are subjected to a strong magnetic field

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10
Q

what does MRI produce

A

Gives detailed structure of the brain, but not the parts that are active

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11
Q

what is a functional MRI

A
  • Indirectly measures brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow that accompany brain activity
    Measures activation of brain regions during tasks or after perceiving stimuli
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12
Q

what response does fMRI measure

A

BOLD - blood oxygen level dependent

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13
Q

what is EEG

A

Electroencephalogram

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14
Q

what does EEG do

A

Records combined activity from many neurons using electrodes

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15
Q

what is EEG good for

A

Good temporal resolution, instant neuronal activity

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16
Q

what is a limitation of EEG

A

Poor spatial resolution, does not indicate specific brain areas

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17
Q

What is EEG usually used to measure

A

detect changes in emotions, motivations or arousal

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18
Q

how is dehumanisation explained by brain activity

A

Brain does not encode them as human beings
severs empathetic bonds people usually have in response to one another

19
Q

how is dehumanisation measured socially

A

Social groups rated from 0 (least human) to 100(Most human)

20
Q

what is the FFA

A

fusiform face area

21
Q

what does the FFA do

A

Located in temporal lobe
Processed information about faces

22
Q

what does damage to the FFA do

A

causes inability to recognise faces, shapes and objects

23
Q

how do we measure motivation

A

Differences in activity between the left and right frontal lobes

24
Q

what does greater left lobe activity indicate

A

approach (reward)

25
Q

what does greater right lobe activity indicate

A

avoidance (inhibition)

26
Q

what is the role of the automatic nervous system

A

Controls smooth muscles e.g. stomach, blood vessels and heart
Involuntary movements

27
Q

what stimulates the fight or flight response

A

hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis

28
Q

what does the HPA axis do

A

Hormones released into bloodstream from pituitary gland
Stimulates hormone release in adrenal glands

29
Q

what type of hormones are released from the pituitary gland

A

neuropeptides

30
Q

what hormone is released from the adrenal glands

A

cortisol

31
Q

what does cortisol do

A
  • Promotes release of glucose
  • Inhibits the release of insulin
    Narrows arteries
32
Q

what is the effect of narrowing arteries

A

increases blood pressure

33
Q

what causes an increase in heart rate

A

release of epinepherine

34
Q

what can extend the release of cortisol

A

chronic stress

35
Q

what are the effects of extended cortisol release

A
  • Supresses immune system
  • Digestion
  • Sexual dysfunction
    Cardiovascular disease
36
Q

name the different cardiovascular measures

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Impedance cardiography (ICG)
Blood pressure (BP)

37
Q

how do electrocardiograms work

A

electrodes capture depolarisation of ventricles

38
Q

what do electrocardiograms measure

A

heart rate (amount of R points per min)
heart rate variability (distance between R points)

39
Q

what does impendence cardiography do

A

estimates changes in blood flow in the heart
based on stroke volume

40
Q

how does ICG work

A

electrodes placed on heart
outer sensors = electrical current
inner sensors = detect resistance
volume increase indicated by increased resistance

41
Q

what is systolic blood pressure

A

-peak arterial pressure
-based on amount of effort

42
Q

what is diastolic blood pressure

A

-lowest arterial pressure
-resting pressure

43
Q

challenge versus threat

A

challenge = Resources exceed demand of stressor
threat = Demands of stressor exceed resources

2 social psych (10 decks)

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