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CHM 102 > Stereochemistry > Flashcards

Stereochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is stereochemistry

A

This is the branch of chemistry that deals with the three-dimensional structure of a molecule and their effects on physical and chemical properties

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2
Q

What is Isomerism

A

Isomerism is a phenomenon that describes two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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3
Q

What is the difference between Allotropy and Isomerism?

A

Allotropy: Inorganic elements
Isomerism: Organic compounds

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4
Q

What are the types of isomers

A

Constitutional
Conformational
Stereoisomers

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5
Q

The term connectivity means

A

All the atoms in a molecule are connected in the same sequence.

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6
Q

What are the types of constitutional Isomerism

A

Chain Isomerism
Positional isomerism
Functional isomerism

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7
Q

Compounds which have different arrangements of atoms in space while having same atoms bonded to each other are said to have
a) position isomerism
b) functional group isomerism
c) chain isomerism
d) stereoisomerism

A

Stereoisomerism

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8
Q

Which of the following can make difference in optical isomers?
a) heat
b) temperature
c) polarized light
d) pressure

A

Polarized light

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9
Q

Which of the following is an alkane which can exhibit optical activity?
a) Neopentane
b) Isopentane
c) 3–Methylpentane
d) 3–Methylhexane

A

3-Methylhexane

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10
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the stereochemistry between the various cyclohexanes?
a) Cis-1,2-dichlorocyclohexane and trans-1,2-dichlorocyclohexane rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions, and together in equal proportions form a racemic mixture
b) The diaxial and diequatorial forms of trans-1,3-dichlorohexane can be separated by their differing physical properties
c) Only cis-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane is achiral due to a plane of symmetry, and cis-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane is diastereomeric to trans-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane
d) The conformational isomers of trans-1,2-dichlorocyclohexane are enantiomers, which are not interconvertible, but resolvable

A

D

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11
Q

Lactic acid is a molecule which shows

Epimersim
Optical isomerism
Tantomeriam
Metamerism

A

Optical Isomerism

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12
Q

Different arrangements of groups in space which can be converted into one another by rotation around a single bond are known as ____.

Configuration
Conformations
Enantiomers
Metamers

A

Conformations

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13
Q

Stereoisomers not related to each other as object and mirror image are known as

Enantiomers
Diastereoisomers
Antipodes
Conformations

A

Diastereoisomers

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14
Q

Geometrical isomerism is emerged due to which reason?

A. High electron density between two substituted carbon
Restricted rotation of substituents around double bond
Both a & b
None of these

A

Restricted rotation of substituents around double bond.

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15
Q

In optical isomerism

A.Laevorotatory are represented by (-) sign
B. Dextrorotatory are represented by (4)
C. Sometimes levo and sometimes dextro are represented by (-) sign
Both a & b are wrong

A

A.

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16
Q

Geometrical isomerism can be exhibited by compounds having ____.

-N=N-
>C=N-
>C=C<
All of these

A

All of these

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17
Q

Which of the mentioned molecules can exhibit geometrical isomerism?

CH3CH=C(CH3)2

CH3CH=CHCH3

(CH3)2C=CH2

CH3CH=CH2

A

A

18
Q

Which of the mentioned property has a higher value for trans-isomer as compared to cis-isomer?

Melting point

Dipole moment

Density

Boiling point

A

Melting point

19
Q

The angel of rotation of plane polarized light in Polari meter relies on _____.

A

A. Conc of the substance
B. Nature of the substance
C. Length of polari meter tube

20
Q

Which of the mentioned statements is wrong about enantiomers?

Rotate plane of polarized light
Have the same melting points
Non superimposable mirror images
Are superimposable mirror images

A

Are super impossible mirror images

21
Q

Enantiomers have __________ characteristics?

Have the same melting point
Rotate ordinary light
Are superimposable mirror images
React with optically active molecules at the same rate

A

Have the same melting point

22
Q

Plane polarized light is affected by

Chiral molecules
All polymers
Identical molecules
All biomolecules

A

Chiral molecules

23
Q

molecule is said to be chiral if it __________.

contains plane of symmetry
contains center of symmetry
cannot be superimposed on its mirror image
can be superimposed on its mirror image

A

Cannot be superimposed on its mirror image

24
Q

An optically active compound _____.

A. Must contain at least fourr carbons
B. In solution always gives negative reading in Polari meter
C. Must always contain an asymmetric carbon atom
D. When in solution rotate the plane of polarized light

A

D

25
Q

Maleic acid and fumaric acid are_____.

Geometrical isomers
Enantiomers
Homologous
Diastereoisomers

A

Geometric isomers

26
Q

n-Butane and 2-methylpropane are examples of ______.

Functional isomers
Position isomers
Chain isomers
Tautomers

A

Position isomers

27
Q

Acetone and diethyl ether are examples of

Position isomers
Chain isomers
Functional isomers
Tautomers

A

Functional isomers

28
Q

Compounds HCN and HNC are ____.

Conformers
Metamers
Functional isomers
Tautomers

A

Tautomers

29
Q

Alkyl cyanide and alkyl isocyanides are ____.

Tautomers
Functional isomers
Metamers
Geometric isomers

A

Functional isomers

30
Q

Thalidomide is used to manage

A

Morning sickness

31
Q

The device which is helpful and used to measure the optical activity is known as

Polari scope
Conductivity meter
Potentiometer
Photometer

A

Polari scope OR Polarimeter

32
Q

Which of the mentioned compounds show optical activity?

Maleic acid
Sucrose
Aldehyde
Oxalic acid

A

Sucrose

33
Q

A carbon atom which is bonded to four different groups is called

A

Chiral carbon atom

34
Q

What are optical isomers

A

Optical isomers are isomers which have the ability to rotate the plane of polarized light. The exhibit optical activity.

35
Q

The ability to rotate plane of polarised light is because

A

They lack symmetry

36
Q

Stereoisomers that are related like an object and its mirror image non-super imposable are known as

Enantiomers
Chain isomers
Functional isomers
Tautomers

A

Enatiomers

37
Q

Compounds which rotate plane of polarized light are called

A

Optically active compounds

38
Q

Benzene has

Axis of symmetry
Plane of symmetry
Centre of symmetry
All of A, B, and C

A

All

39
Q

What are the conditions for optical isomerism

A
  1. Spiraling
  2. Di-symmetry
  3. Non-superimposable(enatiomers)
40
Q

Rotation of plane polarized light can be of what types

A

Dextorotatory(clockwise)
Laevorotatory(Anticlockwise)

CHM 102 (10 decks)

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