Carboxylic Acid Flashcards
Carboxylic acids have the general formula…
RCOOH
What are the functional groups in carboxylic acids
C=O - Carvinyl group
-OH - Hydroxyl group
Why are carboxylic acids weak?
Because the COOH group in the molecule is responsible for its acidity
The methods for the preparation of carboxylic acids are…
- Hydrolysis of Nitrites
- Oxidation of primary alcohols
- Grignard reagent
In the oxidation of alcohols for the preparation of carboxylic acids, the catalyst is
Na²Cr²O⁷
List the properties of carboxylic acids
- They undergo addition reaction
- They have high boiling point amd more soluble than alcohol, aldehyde and ketone
- They interact with water molecules by hydrogen bonding through both their carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.
- They consists of two regions of polarities.
Hydropllic(polar molecule) and hydrophobic (non-popar molecule)
Oxidising agents are
H²SO⁴
K²Cr²O⁷
KMNO⁴
Na²Cr²O⁷
Reducing agents are
LiAlH⁴
NaBH⁴
H²/Pt
When acids reacts with alcohols what is formed
Esters are formed. This is a neutralisation reaction.
When an acid reacts with amines or amino group, what is formed
Amide is formed
CH3CH2OH + NA GIVES
Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
CH3CH2ONA + H2
When acids reacts with thionyl chloride
It forms an acid chloride
Further oxidation of primary Alcohol gives
Carboxylic acid
Carboxylic Acids are polar due to
The presence of both a carbonyl and hydroxyl functional group.
As carbon increases across the group, the solubility in water
Decreases I.e the more polar it becomes
What is the electronegativity value of carboxylic acids
《0.5 non-polar molecule
》0.5. Polar molecule
