stem cell and regenerative medicine Flashcards
what is the potential use of stem cells
use of embryonic or adult stem cells could revolutionise treatment of both genetic and non genetic diseases
do all cells have genetic equivalence
yes
what happens to these genes as they begin to differentiate
some genes are turned off
is differentiation irreversible
no
how do we know differentiation is not irreviserible
plants can go on to produce different specialised cells in carrots
in plants cells remain …
totipotent
what does totipotent mean
ability to create all parts of the mature organism
what are totipotent cells commonly used in
agriculture
in animals, differentiated cells —– to divide in culture
fail
as cells develops what happens to the potency
gets less and less
what two developments in late 90’s could allow new therapeutic approaches
dolly the sheep
solution of human embryonic stem cells
when was dolly born
1996
dolly was the first mama to be cloned from
adult somatic cell
what did the cloning of dolly prove
all cells of an individual share a common genetic blueprint
dolly is an example of what cloning
reproductive
many animals experience —
health problems
what is another approach to regenerative medicine
therapeutic cloning using stem cells
what is a stem cell
relatively undifferentiated cell
reproduce its self indefinitely
can differentiate into specialised cells of one or more types given appropriate conditions
what is a trophoblast
layer of cell that surrounds the blastocyst
what is a blastocoel
hollow cavity inside blastocyst
what is the inner cell mass
group approx 30 cells at one end of blastocoel.
what three stages does a blastocyst contain
trophoblast,
blastocoel
and inner cell mass
