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ARE 5.0 > Steel > Flashcards

Steel Flashcards

1
Q

Which is stronger? Mild steel or cold-rolled steel?

A

Cold-rolled steel

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2
Q

How is mild steel different from cold-rolled steel?

A

It is drawn out hot

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3
Q

When is mild steel used?

A

Most structural steel components

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4
Q

When is cold-rolled steel used?

A

Bridge cabling, cross bracing, cables for prestressing concrete & stud framing

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5
Q

Which has more carbon? Cast iron or wrought iron?

A

Cast iron

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6
Q

What effect does too much carbon have on steel?

A

Hard but brittle

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7
Q

What effect does too little carbon have on steel?

A

Malleable but weaker

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8
Q

What is the difference between a girder and a beam?

A

Girder is primary to a beam

Girders support beams

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9
Q

How deep should a steel beam for 60’ be?

A

Beam depth is 1/20th of the span

So for 60’ = 3’

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10
Q

How deep should a girder be?

A

Girder depth is 1/15th of the span

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11
Q

How wide should a beam / girder be?

A

1/3 it’s depth

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12
Q

How deep should open web steel be?

A

1/20th the span

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13
Q

How deep should roofs and lightly loaded floors?

A

1/24th the span

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14
Q

How deep should steel decking be?

A

1/24” the span with concrete topping

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15
Q

How deep should a triangular steel truss be?

A

1/4 span

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16
Q

How deep should a rectangular steel truss be?

A

1/8th span

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17
Q

What is added to steel to make stainless steel?

A

Nickel and chromium

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18
Q

What is a castellated beam?

A

When a beam is cut along the web and then re-welded back together

19
Q

What does W12 mean in a steel beam W12 x 120

A

12” deep

20
Q

What does 120 mean in a steel beam W12 x 120

A

120 lbs per linear foot

21
Q

What is a LH bar joist?

A

A long span bar joist, 96’

22
Q

What is a DLH bar joist?

A

A deep long span bar joist, 150’

23
Q

What is a K bar joist?

A

Most common, up to 60’

24
Q

What is a ‘slip-critical’ bolt type?

A

A bolt that is preloaded so friction resists movement

25
Q

What is a ‘bearing-shear’ bolt type?

A

Snug-fit and movement is assumed. This type is super tight and operates in tension.

26
Q

Why are washers used?

A

To prevent tearing or galling

27
Q

What is the difference between a shear connection and a moment connection?

A

Shear handles gravity

Moment handles bending

27
Q

How can you tell if a connection is a moment connection?

A

The flanges and web are engaged.

28
Q

How can you tell if a connection is a shear connection?

A

Just the web is engaged. The flange is free.

29
Q

What can be used to strengthen a column is a beam bearing on it is too heavy?

A

Stiffener plates

30
Q

When are back-up bars used?

A

For welding

31
Q

How do you connect 2 columns together?

A

A column splice

32
Q

What is used to connect a steel column into the foundation?

A

A steel base plate

33
Q

When are dog bone cuts used and what are they for?

A

In seismic zones

Controls where the deformation in a seismic event

34
Q

Is a complete moment resisting frame is too expensive, what can be used instead?

A

Braced frame

35
Q

When is an eccentrically braced frame used?

A

In seismic areas as it can resist lateral forces without buckling

36
Q

What is beam cambering?

A

Pre-curing something so that once loaded it is flat and better resists loads

37
Q

When does a steel element NOT need to be fire treated?

A

When it is only for lateral forces

38
Q

List the galvanic numbers from 1 to 9

A

ZAS IST PICS

  1. Zinc
  2. Aluminum
  3. Steel
  4. Iron
  5. Stainless Steel (Active)
  6. Tin
  7. Lead
  8. Copper
  9. Stainless Steel (Passive)
39
Q

Is a galvanic number 1, anode or cathode?

A

Anode

40
Q

is a galvanic number 9, anode or cathode

A

Cathode

41
Q

Is anode or cathode more active?

A

Anode is more active
Cathode is more inactive

42
Q

If a surface is anodic and the fastener is cathodic, is this an issue?

A

Not particularly

43
Q

If a surface is cathodic and the fastener is anodic, is this an issue?

A

Yes - the fastener will see more galvanic action and likely cause breakage

ARE 5.0 (9 decks)

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