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ARE 5.0 > Concrete > Flashcards

Concrete Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical drying time for concrete?

A

28 days

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2
Q

What is the chemical process for concrete curing?

A

Hydration

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3
Q

What is considered the “normal” concrete type

A

Type I Portland Cement

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4
Q

What is Type IA concrete?

A

Normal concrete, air entrained

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5
Q

What is ‘Air Entraining’?

A

Tiny bubbles introduced into concrete to help with freeze/thaw cycle

Make concrete more workable

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6
Q

What percentage of air entrained concrete is bubbles?

A

5%

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7
Q

Where is Type IA concrete typically used?

A

Cold climates, exposed concrete and mixed climates

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8
Q

What is Type II concrete?

A

Moderate resistance to sulfates

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9
Q

Where is Type II concrete used?

A

Below ground when in contact with soil (in particular soil with high sulfate groundwater)

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10
Q

What is Type IIA concrete?

A

Moderate resistance to sulfates & air entraining

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11
Q

What is Type III concrete?

A

High early strength concrete

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12
Q

When is Type III concrete used?

A

Precast concrete - want it cured and out of the factory ASAP

Concrete Block factories, tilt-up construction, anywhere we want to strip formwork early

Also used in cold weather

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13
Q

What is Type IV concrete?

A

Low heat of hydration

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14
Q

When is Type IV concrete used?

A

Not often, more for larger structures like dams

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15
Q

What is Type V concrete?

A

High resistance to sulfate attachedW

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16
Q

What is decorative cement called?

A

White portland cement

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17
Q

How large should aggregate be in a concrete mix?

A

Less than 3/4 spacing of the rebar spacing

1/3 depth of the slab

18
Q

What makes pervious concrete?

A

Aggregate of the same size

19
Q

When is lightweight aggregate used in construction?

A

When a lighter weight is required and/or higher thermal resistance is required

20
Q

What is used in structural lightweight concrete?

A

Expanded shale

21
Q

What is used in non-structural lightweight concrete?

A

Large air entraining. It’s lighter, a better insulator but lower strength

22
Q

What defines the strength of concrete?

A

Water content

23
Q

What’s the range of PSI of concrete?

A

2,000 PSI to 20,000 PSI

Normal Concrete -> 3,000 to 4,000 PSI

24
Q

What are ways of testing concrete strength?

A

Slump Test

Cylinder Test

25
Q

Why is pumping concrete horizontally an issue?

A

Aggregate will settle at the bottom and water will float to the top

26
Q

How do you prevent concrete from curing too quickly?

A

Cover it with a plastic sheet

Spray it with water

27
Q

What are factors that accelerate concrete curing time?

A

Large concrete slabs

Wind movement over slabs

28
Q

When is self-consolidating concrete used?

A

When rebar is crowded in the form

To create crisp edges

29
Q

What is self-consolidating concrete?

A

Higher proportion of smaller aggregate & pourability to fill in voids

30
Q

How can we make concrete a greener material?

A

Fly-ash concrete

31
Q

What is fly-ash?

A

Residue from coal combustion found at bottom of boilers

32
Q

How does fly-ash make concrete greener?

A

Fly-ash has heavy metals that create contaminated water.

Storing it in concrete reduces the embodied energy by 1/3

33
Q

What are 5 qualities of fly-ash concrete?

A
  1. Denser
  2. Stronger
  3. Shrinks Less
  4. More resistant to sulfates
  5. Decreased permeability
34
Q

Why do concrete and steel work so well together?

A

They both have almost identical rates of expansion and contraction

35
Q

Where is reinforcing bar required?

A

Where the largest tension forces are

36
Q

Is rebar hot or cold-rolled steel?

A

Hot rolled steel

37
Q

What is the diameter of #8 rebar?

A

8 = 1”

38
Q

What are the 4 elements that determine rebar spacing?

A
  1. Structural requirements
  2. Aggregate spacing
  3. Top cover (above rebar)
  4. Corrosion
39
Q

What is Grade 60 rebar?

A

60k psi

60,000 psi

Most common type of rebar

40
Q
A

ARE 5.0 (9 decks)

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