PDD Flashcards
Low solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) windows have what element in their glazing unit?
Low-E films to protect from sunny-day overheating
Where do we want a high SHGC for a direct gain space?
South facing glass
How do you get to lbs/ft from a psf value?
Times the psf value by the spacing of the beams
How do you change lbs/ft to kips/in?
Divide by 1000 and divide by 12
You can check the order
Wood-framed building in hurricane zone - what 3 items should be specified?
Affix the foundation to the base plate with J-bolts
Glue down roof sheathing
Tie the roof to the walls with hurricane straps
What are the different types of mortar?
MaSoN wOrK
Type M
Type S
Type N
Type O
Type K
What is the strongest mortar type?
Type M
Do you want mortar to be harder or softer than the brick?
Softer so that it doesn’t spall the brick during freeze-thaw cycles
What is the coefficient of utilization?
Number that ranges from 0 - 1, measuring how much of the light from the fixture actually reaches the work plane
What does a lower coefficient of utilization mean?
The room geometry requires more light fixtures
The room’s surfaces are darker and absorb more light, requiring more light fixtures
What does a higher coefficient of utilization mean?
The room geometry requires less light fixtures
The room’s surfaces are brighter and reflect more light, requiring less light fixtures
What controls the rating of an opening?
The least-stringent component
Not the highest, not the average and not the sum
What rating do door assemblies require compared to their surrounding wall?
3/4
What light fixtures require a ballast?
Fluorescent, Metal Halide and High Pressure Sodium
What light fixture has the lowest CRI?
Low pressure sodium and high pressure sodium
What type of fixture generally provides a cool color temperature?
Metal halide
What fixture has the longest “warm-up” time?
Metal halide
Where are metal halide lamps used most?
Stadiums
What is a closed proprietary specification?
A single specification or company as the source of the specification.
It does not allow for substitutions.
What is a prescriptive specification?
Instruct the builder, in detail, how to construct an element.
What is a performance specification?
Leave flexibility to the contractor, so long as the specification as built performs correctly
Where are GFI outlets required?
Outdoors
Laundry areas
Garages
Crawl spaces
Hot Tubs
Basements
Kitchen Counters
Generally anywhere people often occupy that’s near (< 6’) from water
Where are GFI outlets not required?
Attics
Hot water heaters
Living rooms etc
If you double the distance of a light from it’s source, how much does the illuminance drop?
By a 1/4
Inverse-square law
What are some common types of Class I vapor retarders?
Foil
Thick Polyethylene Sheets
Vinyl Wallpaper
Melamine
What are some common types of Class II vapor retarders?
Some Plywoods
Some Latex Paints
Kraft Paper
Rigid Foam Insulation
What are some common types of Class III vapor retarders?
Gypsum Wall Board
Latex
What does a lower perm value mean?
Less vapor can pass through
What does a high perm value mean?
More vapor can pass through
What is the perm value range for a Class II vapor retarder?
0.1 - 1.0 Perms
What is the perm value range for a Class III vapor retarder?
1 - 10 Perms
What ratio do you want from each layer of a wall assembly?
10:1 perm ratio
Between air infiltration and vapor diffusion, which is more likely to cause condensation?
Air infiltration
When do you use grout in CMU?
To create a load bearing wall. Grout creates compressive strength
Rebar (horizontal and vertical) provides tensile strength
When do you use vermiculite or perlite-filled CMU?
Increased thermal resistance, increased sound TL and improved fire rating
Where is transverse bracing required in a seismic zone?
Ends of the duct runs, perpendicular to the travel of air flow
What materials have high embodied energy due to their mining process?
Copper, aluminum and stone
What are the best options for rubber gasketing?
Butyl rubber
EPDM
Silicone gaskets
What is Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)?
Cheap syntheic rubber
Cheap and not strong or resilient over prolonger pressure
NOT USED IN CONSTRUCTION OFTEN
what is Butyl rubber?
Synthetic rubber that is airtight, watertight, robust, thermally and chemically stable, sunlight/UV resistant and overall stout.
MOST EXPENSIVE
What is EPDM?
Most water resistant
Resistant to abrasions and tears, stands up to weathering and breakdown from sunlight exposure, maintains resilience over prolonged pressure
What is silicone?
Resists breakdown from sunlight exposure and maintains resilience over prolonged pressure.
Longer lifespan than EPDM, more stretchy, much better in lcations where it might get hot
Rubber short hands
Butyl - best but expensive
EPDM - most water resistant, not good in hot climates
Silicone - best for hot climates
What is the difference between a storefront and a curtain wall?
Storefront is typically limited to one story and sits inboard of the edge of the slab
Curtain wall drapes down the building like a curtain
Where does the reinforcing go for a storefront”?
In the mullion
What is a control joint?
Example is a shallow groove in concrete to control cracks from shrinkage
Gives the concrete a place to shirnk and crack, so you can control where those happen
RoTs for expansion joint locations?
At changes in wall height or thickness
At columns, pilasters, and wall intersections
Near corners (within 10’ of one side of a corner)
On both sides of openings wider than 6’
On one side of an open smaller than 6’
Where is delayed egress not permitted?
Assembly, Education, High Hazard
What is the best conduit to use?
Aluminum
Steel if you’re burying it in concrete and want to pull wires more easily
PVC when you’re doing a wet location
NEVER COPPER
What is the code prescribed maximum shear wall ratio?
3.5:1
